# Running government: the Cabinet Office, Treasury, HMRC, Parliament and the Sovereign Grant url: https://whereyourmoneygoes.co.uk/running-government/ updated: 29 September 2026 licence: Our words, analysis, charts and derived calculations: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), credit [Tekstak Ltd](https://tek-stak.co.uk). Figures: each source's own licence, listed under Sources. publisher: [Tekstak Ltd](https://tek-stak.co.uk) # Running government: the Cabinet Office, Treasury, HMRC, Parliament and the Sovereign Grant Last updated 29 September 2026. Figures refresh every night. [How each figure is worked out](/methodology/). **£19.9bn** was spent on running government, Parliament, the tax system and diplomacy (the “executive and legislative organs” heading) in the UK in 2025-26, **£286** per resident. That is +6.4% on a year earlier after inflation (+10.0% in cash). In 2025-26 prices it has gone from £18.4bn in 2006-07 to £19.9bn. HMRC spent 0.51p to collect each £1 of tax in 2025-26. The Sovereign Grant was £132.1m in 2025-26. Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx). ## Key figures - £19.9bnSpent in 2025-26, cash +10.0% on a year earlier As of 16 July 2026 - +6.4%Real-terms change, 2025-26 on a year earlier £19.9bn in 2025-26 prices As of 16 July 2026 - £286Per resident, 2025-26 As of 16 July 2026 - [0.51pHMRC’s cost of collecting each £1 of tax, 2025-26](/cost-of-collection/) As of 9 July 2026 - £132.1mThe Sovereign Grant, 2025-26 Sources: [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Revenue and Customs](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a4bdf0fc5aa1b17abab40c6/Statistical_tables_-_HMRC_Annual_Report_and_Accounts_2025_to_2026.xlsx), [The Royal Household](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sovereign-grant-accounts). ## What is the short version? - **From 2021-22 the figure includes EU withdrawal payments** (£7.8bn that year), which inflate it; they are shown apart. - **The departments that run the money cost little beside it:** HMRC’s budget is well under 1% of the tax it collects. - **71,210 civil servants in HMRC** at 31 March 2026, 2,140 in the Treasury. - **The Sovereign Grant follows Crown Estate profits:** a fixed share of profit two years earlier, never lower than the year before. ## Over the longest run published: cash, real terms and per head **United Kingdom: spending in cash and in 2025-26 prices, £ billion** Real terms use HM Treasury’s GDP deflator, 2025-26 prices. Breaks in the series: 2021-22: From 2021-22 the UK line includes the EU Withdrawal Agreement financial settlement payments, which HM Treasury scores to general public services (PESA 2026, table 5.2 note 9): £7.8 billion in 2021-22, falling to under £1 billion by 2025-26. 2011-12: HMRC and the Treasury are shown apart from 2011-12; before that PESA 2011 added them together as “Chancellor’s Departments” (in the extra table). Administration budgets were redefined from 2011-12. 2016-17: Each PESA edition restates its five years to the departmental boundaries of the day, so the joins between editions (2011-12, 2016-17, 2021-22) can show moves between departments as well as real changes. **The numbers behind this chart** | Year | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Cash | | --- | --- | --- | | 2006-07Details | £18.4bn | £11.3bn | | Cash£11.3bn | | | | 2007-08Details | £17.9bn | £11.2bn | | Cash£11.2bn | | | | 2008-09Details | £18.8bn | £12.1bn | | Cash£12.1bn | | | | 2009-10Details | £18.0bn | £11.8bn | | Cash£11.8bn | | | | 2010-11Details | £17.2bn | £11.5bn | | Cash£11.5bn | | | | 2011-12Details | £15.3bn | £10.4bn | | Cash£10.4bn | | | | 2012-13Details | £14.5bn | £10.0bn | | Cash£10.0bn | | | | 2013-14Details | £14.6bn | £10.3bn | | Cash£10.3bn | | | | 2014-15Details | £14.1bn | £10.1bn | | Cash£10.1bn | | | | 2015-16Details | £14.0bn | £10.1bn | | Cash£10.1bn | | | | 2016-17Details | £14.0bn | £10.3bn | | Cash£10.3bn | | | | 2017-18Details | £14.3bn | £10.6bn | | Cash£10.6bn | | | | 2018-19Details | £15.0bn | £11.4bn | | Cash£11.4bn | | | | 2019-20Details | £15.2bn | £11.9bn | | Cash£11.9bn | | | | 2020-21Details | £16.6bn | £13.7bn | | Cash£13.7bn | | | | 2021-22Details | £27.7bn | £22.8bn | | Cash£22.8bn | | | | 2022-23Details | £27.9bn | £24.6bn | | Cash£24.6bn | | | | 2023-24Details | £23.6bn | £21.9bn | | Cash£21.9bn | | | | 2024-25Details | £18.7bn | £18.1bn | | Cash£18.1bn | | | | 2025-26Details | £19.9bn | £19.9bn | | Cash£19.9bn | | | Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx). **United Kingdom: spending per resident, 2025-26 prices** Per resident divides by ONS mid-year population estimates. **The numbers behind this chart** | Year | Per resident, 2025-26 prices | Per resident, cash | | --- | --- | --- | | 2006-07Details | £303 | £185 | | Per resident, cash£185 | | | | 2007-08Details | £292 | £182 | | Per resident, cash£182 | | | | 2008-09Details | £304 | £196 | | Per resident, cash£196 | | | | 2009-10Details | £290 | £190 | | Per resident, cash£190 | | | | 2010-11Details | £274 | £182 | | Per resident, cash£182 | | | | 2011-12Details | £241 | £164 | | Per resident, cash£164 | | | | 2012-13Details | £228 | £158 | | Per resident, cash£158 | | | | 2013-14Details | £227 | £160 | | Per resident, cash£160 | | | | 2014-15Details | £219 | £157 | | Per resident, cash£157 | | | | 2015-16Details | £215 | £155 | | Per resident, cash£155 | | | | 2016-17Details | £214 | £157 | | Per resident, cash£157 | | | | 2017-18Details | £216 | £161 | | Per resident, cash£161 | | | | 2018-19Details | £226 | £172 | | Per resident, cash£172 | | | | 2019-20Details | £228 | £179 | | Per resident, cash£179 | | | | 2020-21Details | £249 | £205 | | Per resident, cash£205 | | | | 2021-22Details | £414 | £341 | | Per resident, cash£341 | | | | 2022-23Details | £413 | £364 | | Per resident, cash£364 | | | | 2023-24Details | £344 | £320 | | Per resident, cash£320 | | | | 2024-25Details | £270 | £261 | | Per resident, cash£261 | | | | 2025-26Details | £286 | £286 | | Per resident, cash£286 | | | Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx). **Spending per resident by nation, 2024-25** Each nation is divided by its own population, so the figures compare like for like. England-only and UK-wide spending are never added together here. **The numbers behind this chart** | Item | £ per resident, 2024-25, cash | | --- | --- | | England | £50 | | Scotland | £293 | | Wales | £163 | | Northern Ireland | £194 | Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx). Source: HM Treasury, [PESA 2026: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables and annex C](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), published 16 July 2026; HM Treasury, [PESA 2021: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx), published 20 July 2021; HM Treasury, [PESA 2016: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), published 21 July 2016; HM Treasury, [PESA 2011: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx), published 13 July 2011. ## What the UK figure holds HM Treasury counts spending on “executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs” together. In 2025-26, £16.0bn of the £19.9bn was running government, Parliament and the tax system, £3.1bn was diplomacy (on the [foreign affairs](/foreign-affairs/) page) and £771m was payments under the EU withdrawal agreement, which HM Treasury has counted here since 2021-22. **What the UK line holds: running government, diplomacy and EU settlement payments, 2025-26 prices, £ billion** HM Treasury’s sub-function 1.1 (PESA table 5.2), split here: external affairs is international services less foreign economic aid (table 5.4), EU settlement payments are from annex C table C.1 (none before 2021-22), and the rest is worked out as what remains. Real terms use HM Treasury’s GDP deflator. **The numbers behind this chart** | Year | Running government, Parliament and the tax system | External affairs (diplomacy) | EU financial settlement payments | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2006-07Details | £15.2bn | £3.2bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.2bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2007-08Details | £14.6bn | £3.4bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.4bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2008-09Details | £15.2bn | £3.5bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.5bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2009-10Details | £14.5bn | £3.5bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.5bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2010-11Details | £13.6bn | £3.6bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.6bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2011-12Details | £12.0bn | £3.3bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.3bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2012-13Details | £11.5bn | £3.1bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.1bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2013-14Details | £11.4bn | £3.1bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.1bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2014-15Details | £11.4bn | £2.7bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£2.7bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2015-16Details | £11.3bn | £2.7bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£2.7bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2016-17Details | £11.2bn | £2.8bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£2.8bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2017-18Details | £11.8bn | £2.4bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£2.4bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2018-19Details | £11.8bn | £3.2bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.2bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2019-20Details | £11.9bn | £3.3bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.3bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2020-21Details | £13.4bn | £3.3bn | £0.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.3bnEU financial settlement payments£0.0bn | | | | | 2021-22Details | £15.1bn | £3.2bn | £9.4bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.2bnEU financial settlement payments£9.4bn | | | | | 2022-23Details | £13.9bn | £3.9bn | £10.1bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.9bnEU financial settlement payments£10.1bn | | | | | 2023-24Details | £13.1bn | £3.5bn | £7.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.5bnEU financial settlement payments£7.0bn | | | | | 2024-25Details | £13.8bn | £2.9bn | £2.0bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£2.9bnEU financial settlement payments£2.0bn | | | | | 2025-26Details | £16.0bn | £3.1bn | £0.8bn | | External affairs (diplomacy)£3.1bnEU financial settlement payments£0.8bn | | | | Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx). ## The three central departments Their budgets are small beside the sums they manage. In 2025-26 HMRC’s was £6.7bn against about £966.4bn of tax collected. **HMRC, the Treasury and the Cabinet Office: total departmental expenditure limits, 2025-26 prices, £ million** PESA chapter 1, each year from the newest edition that has it; each edition restates its years to the boundaries of the day. HMRC and the Treasury are shown apart from 2011-12; the Cabinet Office before 2011-12 is as PESA 2011 defined it. **The numbers behind this chart** | Year | HM Revenue and Customs | HM Treasury | Cabinet Office | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2006-07Details | — | — | £2,896m | | HM Treasury—Cabinet Office£2,896m | | | | | 2007-08Details | — | — | £3,116m | | HM Treasury—Cabinet Office£3,116m | | | | | 2008-09Details | — | — | £3,391m | | HM Treasury—Cabinet Office£3,391m | | | | | 2009-10Details | — | — | £3,728m | | HM Treasury—Cabinet Office£3,728m | | | | | 2010-11Details | — | — | £3,702m | | HM Treasury—Cabinet Office£3,702m | | | | | 2011-12Details | £5,455m | £274m | £674m | | HM Treasury£274mCabinet Office£674m | | | | | 2012-13Details | £5,250m | £-252m | £690m | | HM Treasury£-252mCabinet Office£690m | | | | | 2013-14Details | £5,142m | £-361m | £635m | | HM Treasury£-361mCabinet Office£635m | | | | | 2014-15Details | £4,777m | £233m | £958m | | HM Treasury£233mCabinet Office£958m | | | | | 2015-16Details | £4,898m | £-737m | £731m | | HM Treasury£-737mCabinet Office£731m | | | | | 2016-17Details | £5,282m | £208m | £821m | | HM Treasury£208mCabinet Office£821m | | | | | 2017-18Details | £5,271m | £187m | £1,237m | | HM Treasury£187mCabinet Office£1,237m | | | | | 2018-19Details | £5,251m | £453m | £959m | | HM Treasury£453mCabinet Office£959m | | | | | 2019-20Details | £5,496m | £626m | £1,400m | | HM Treasury£626mCabinet Office£1,400m | | | | | 2020-21Details | £6,131m | £393m | £2,143m | | HM Treasury£393mCabinet Office£2,143m | | | | | 2021-22Details | £7,501m | £525m | £1,430m | | HM Treasury£525mCabinet Office£1,430m | | | | | 2022-23Details | £7,487m | £367m | £1,067m | | HM Treasury£367mCabinet Office£1,067m | | | | | 2023-24Details | £7,206m | £411m | £1,229m | | HM Treasury£411mCabinet Office£1,229m | | | | | 2024-25Details | £6,068m | £1,137m | £912m | | HM Treasury£1,137mCabinet Office£912m | | | | | 2025-26Details | £6,727m | £1,195m | £1,134m | | HM Treasury£1,195mCabinet Office£1,134m | | | | Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx), [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx). | Department | Administration | Programme | Capital | Total DEL | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | HM Revenue and CustomsDetails | £1.1bn | £4.7bn | £876m | £6.7bn | | Programme£4.7bnCapital£876mTotal DEL£6.7bn | | | | | | HM TreasuryDetails | £288m | £94m | £813m | £1.2bn | | Programme£94mCapital£813mTotal DEL£1.2bn | | | | | | Cabinet OfficeDetails | £484m | £231m | £419m | £1.1bn | | Programme£231mCapital£419mTotal DEL£1.1bn | | | | | | Year | HMRC | HM Treasury | Cabinet Office | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2026-27Details | £7.6bn | £1.3bn | £1.8bn | | HM Treasury£1.3bnCabinet Office£1.8bn | | | | | 2027-28Details | £7.4bn | £503m | £2.0bn | | HM Treasury£503mCabinet Office£2.0bn | | | | | 2028-29Details | £6.9bn | £483m | £1.7bn | | HM Treasury£483mCabinet Office£1.7bn | | | | Plans, not spending, shown apart from the outturn above. Before 2011-12 PESA showed HMRC and the Treasury together as “Chancellor’s Departments”: 2006-07 £4.7bn, 2007-08 £4.5bn, 2008-09 £4.6bn, 2009-10 £4.5bn, 2010-11 £4.1bn (total DEL, cash). ## Where the money goes, level by level - UK total - Nation - Department or service body - Local body not published - Spending category - Line or transaction not published - United Kingdom ### United Kingdom HM Treasury’s public spending on “executive and legislative organs, financial and fiscal affairs, external affairs” (COFOG 1.1, PESA table 5.2): running government, Parliament and the tax system, diplomacy, and from 2021-22 the EU financial settlement payments. Current and capital, every part of the public sector, each year from the newest PESA edition that has it. **£19.9bn** in 2025-26 (cash); £19.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £286 per resident; +10.0% on a year earlier in cash, +6.4% in real terms. | Department or service body | Cash, 2024-25 | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Per resident | Real change on a year earlier | Source | Below this | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [HM Revenue and Customs](#sd-hmrc)Details | £5.9bn | £6.1bn | £84.67 | −15.8% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Broken down below | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£6.1bnPer resident£84.67Real change on a year earlier−15.8%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisBroken down below | | | | | | | | EnglandDetails | £2.9bn | £3.0bn | £50.19 | −0.5% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx) | Department or service body not published: England has no devolved legislature or government: its executive and legislative organs are the UK government and Parliament, shown beside the nations. The country and regional analysis does not break England’s identifiable spending under 1.1 down by body; councils’ own central services are on the local government page. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£3.0bnPer resident£50.19Real change on a year earlier−0.5%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx)Below thisDepartment or service body not published: England has no devolved legislature or government: its executive and legislative organs are the UK government and Parliament, shown beside the nations. The country and regional analysis does not break England’s identifiable spending under 1.1 down by body; councils’ own central services are on the local government page. | | | | | | | | [Scotland](#sd-scotland)Details | £1.6bn | £1.7bn | £293 | −5.2% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx) | Broken down below | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£1.7bnPer resident£293Real change on a year earlier−5.2%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx)Below thisBroken down below | | | | | | | | [HM Treasury](#sd-hm-treasury)Details | £1.1bn | £1.1bn | £15.86 | +176.5% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Broken down below | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£1.1bnPer resident£15.86Real change on a year earlier+176.5%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisBroken down below | | | | | | | | [Parliament (Westminster)](#sd-parliament)Details | £1.2bn | £1.2bn | £16.90 | +5.0% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx) | Broken down below | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£1.2bnPer resident£16.90Real change on a year earlier+5.0%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx)Below thisBroken down below | | | | | | | | [Cabinet Office](#sd-cabinet-office)Details | £882m | £912m | £12.73 | −25.8% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Broken down below | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£912mPer resident£12.73Real change on a year earlier−25.8%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisBroken down below | | | | | | | | [Wales](#sd-wales)Details | £518m | £536m | £163 | +4.8% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx) | Broken down below | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£536mPer resident£163Real change on a year earlier+4.8%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx)Below thisBroken down below | | | | | | | | Northern IrelandDetails | £374m | £387m | £194 | +19.8% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx) | Department or service body not published: The Northern Ireland Assembly Commission and the Northern Ireland Civil Service departments publish their running costs in their own accounts and in the Northern Ireland budget documents, as PDFs; HM Treasury’s database does not show them apart from the rest of the Northern Ireland Executive, and they are not hand-kept here yet. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£387mPer resident£194Real change on a year earlier+19.8%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57736c6d6d5c7e2845c9d6/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_10_tables.xlsx)Below thisDepartment or service body not published: The Northern Ireland Assembly Commission and the Northern Ireland Civil Service departments publish their running costs in their own accounts and in the Northern Ireland budget documents, as PDFs; HM Treasury’s database does not show them apart from the rest of the Northern Ireland Executive, and they are not hand-kept here yet. | | | | | | | | The Sovereign Grant (the monarchy)Details | £86m | £89m | £1.25 | −3.9% | [HM Treasury](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-sovereign-grant-and-sovereign-grant-reserve-annual-report-and-accounts-2025-to-2026) | Local body not published: The Royal Household’s accounts split spending into staff, property maintenance, travel and other costs in PDF; the main lines are in the Sovereign Grant section below. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£89mPer resident£1.25Real change on a year earlier−3.9%Source[HM Treasury](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-sovereign-grant-and-sovereign-grant-reserve-annual-report-and-accounts-2025-to-2026)Below thisLocal body not published: The Royal Household’s accounts split spending into staff, property maintenance, travel and other costs in PDF; the main lines are in the Sovereign Grant section below. | | | | | | | - United Kingdom - HM Revenue and Customs ### HM Revenue and Customs Total departmental expenditure limits (resource excluding depreciation, plus capital): what HMRC spends running the tax system, customs, Child Benefit and the remaining tax credits. The benefits and credits themselves are counted elsewhere. Shown on its own from 2011-12; before that PESA added it to the Treasury as “Chancellor’s Departments”. **£6.7bn** in 2025-26 (cash); £6.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £96.81 per resident; +14.7% on a year earlier in cash, +10.9% in real terms. | Spending category | Cash, 2025-26 | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Per resident | Real change on a year earlier | Source | Below this | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Programme spending (resource)Details | £4.7bn | £4.7bn | £68.34 | +10.8% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: PESA does not break programme spending down. The department’s annual report and its spending over £25,000 go further. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£4.7bnPer resident£68.34Real change on a year earlier+10.8%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: PESA does not break programme spending down. The department’s annual report and its spending over £25,000 go further. | | | | | | | | Administration budget (back-office running costs)Details | £1.1bn | £1.1bn | £15.86 | +7.3% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: The administration budget is published as one figure in PESA. The department’s annual report breaks its costs down further in PDF tables. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£1.1bnPer resident£15.86Real change on a year earlier+7.3%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: The administration budget is published as one figure in PESA. The department’s annual report breaks its costs down further in PDF tables. | | | | | | | | CapitalDetails | £876m | £876m | £12.61 | +16.3% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: Capital is published as one figure in PESA. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£876mPer resident£12.61Real change on a year earlier+16.3%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: Capital is published as one figure in PESA. | | | | | | | - United Kingdom - Scotland ### Scotland Identifiable spending under 1.1 in the nation (PESA chapter 10, the country and regional analysis): the devolved legislature and government where there is one, councils’ democratic and tax-collection costs, and UK bodies’ spending that can be traced to the nation. Most of the UK line (HMRC, the Treasury, the Cabinet Office, Parliament, diplomacy) is spent for the UK as a whole and is not in any nation’s figure. HM Treasury warns that splits between countries below the function level are less accurate. **£1.6bn** in 2024-25 (cash); £1.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £293 per resident; −1.4% on a year earlier in cash, −5.2% in real terms. | Department or service body | Cash, 2024-25 | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Per resident | Real change on a year earlier | Source | Below this | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Scottish Government operating costsDetails | £757m | £783m | £136 | −8.2% | [Scottish Government](https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-budget-2025-2026/documents/) | Local body not published: The Scottish Budget gives operating costs by portfolio (in the extra table below); outturn is published only for the year before the budget. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£783mPer resident£136Real change on a year earlier−8.2%Source[Scottish Government](https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-budget-2025-2026/documents/)Below thisLocal body not published: The Scottish Budget gives operating costs by portfolio (in the extra table below); outturn is published only for the year before the budget. | | | | | | | | Scottish Parliamentary Corporate BodyDetails | £143m | £148m | £25.80 | — | [Scottish Government](https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-budget-2025-2026/documents/) | Local body not published: The Corporate Body’s accounts (on parliament.scot, which does not allow automated reading) give outturn by type; the Scottish Budget gives only these budget figures. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£148mPer resident£25.80Real change on a year earlier—Source[Scottish Government](https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-budget-2025-2026/documents/)Below thisLocal body not published: The Corporate Body’s accounts (on parliament.scot, which does not allow automated reading) give outturn by type; the Scottish Budget gives only these budget figures. | | | | | | | - United Kingdom - HM Treasury ### HM Treasury Total departmental expenditure limits for the Treasury group, including the Debt Management Office, the Government Internal Audit Agency and the Office for Budget Responsibility. Sums the Treasury handles outside its limits, such as the EU settlement payments, are annually managed expenditure and are not here. **£1.2bn** in 2025-26 (cash); £1.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £17.20 per resident; +8.7% on a year earlier in cash, +5.1% in real terms. | Spending category | Cash, 2025-26 | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Per resident | Real change on a year earlier | Source | Below this | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | CapitalDetails | £813m | £813m | £11.70 | +2.7% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: Capital is published as one figure in PESA. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£813mPer resident£11.70Real change on a year earlier+2.7%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: Capital is published as one figure in PESA. | | | | | | | | Administration budget (back-office running costs)Details | £288m | £288m | £4.14 | −13.5% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: The administration budget is published as one figure in PESA. The department’s annual report breaks its costs down further in PDF tables. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£288mPer resident£4.14Real change on a year earlier−13.5%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: The administration budget is published as one figure in PESA. The department’s annual report breaks its costs down further in PDF tables. | | | | | | | | Programme spending (resource)Details | £94m | £94m | £1.35 | +658.1% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: PESA does not break programme spending down. The department’s annual report and its spending over £25,000 go further. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£94mPer resident£1.35Real change on a year earlier+658.1%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: PESA does not break programme spending down. The department’s annual report and its spending over £25,000 go further. | | | | | | | - United Kingdom - Parliament (Westminster) ### Parliament (Westminster) Resource spending (departmental limits and managed expenditure) plus capital for the House of Commons, the House of Lords, IPSA and the Parliamentary Works Grant, added up here from HM Treasury’s OSCAR outturn database. It can differ by a percent or so from the bodies’ own accounts. OSCAR’s annual workbooks start in 2018-19; earlier years are only in 1.6 GB CSV extracts, not read here. **£1.2bn** in 2024-25 (cash); £1.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £16.90 per resident; +9.2% on a year earlier in cash, +5.0% in real terms. | Spending category | Cash, 2024-25 | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Per resident | Real change on a year earlier | Source | Below this | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | House of CommonsDetails | £574m | £594m | £8.29 | +0.5% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: The houses’ annual accounts break spending down by type in PDF on parliament.uk, which does not allow automated reading; they are not hand-kept here. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£594mPer resident£8.29Real change on a year earlier+0.5%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: The houses’ annual accounts break spending down by type in PDF on parliament.uk, which does not allow automated reading; they are not hand-kept here. | | | | | | | | Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (MPs’ pay, staff and office costs)Details | £313m | £324m | £4.52 | +23.9% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: Every MP’s costs, by heading, are on the MPs’ pay and expenses page (mps-pay-and-expenses), from IPSA’s annual publication. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£324mPer resident£4.52Real change on a year earlier+23.9%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: Every MP’s costs, by heading, are on the MPs’ pay and expenses page (mps-pay-and-expenses), from IPSA’s annual publication. | | | | | | | | House of LordsDetails | £204m | £211m | £2.95 | −3.8% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: The houses’ annual accounts break spending down by type in PDF on parliament.uk, which does not allow automated reading; they are not hand-kept here. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£211mPer resident£2.95Real change on a year earlier−3.8%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: The houses’ annual accounts break spending down by type in PDF on parliament.uk, which does not allow automated reading; they are not hand-kept here. | | | | | | | | Parliamentary Works GrantDetails | £79m | £82m | £1.14 | +0.8% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: The houses’ annual accounts break spending down by type in PDF on parliament.uk, which does not allow automated reading; they are not hand-kept here. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£82mPer resident£1.14Real change on a year earlier+0.8%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: The houses’ annual accounts break spending down by type in PDF on parliament.uk, which does not allow automated reading; they are not hand-kept here. | | | | | | | - United Kingdom - Cabinet Office ### Cabinet Office Total departmental expenditure limits for the Cabinet Office group. Its boundaries have moved often as functions come and go; PESA restates each edition’s years to the boundaries of the day, so years from different editions are not strictly comparable. **£1.1bn** in 2025-26 (cash); £1.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £16.32 per resident; +28.6% on a year earlier in cash, +24.3% in real terms. | Spending category | Cash, 2025-26 | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Per resident | Real change on a year earlier | Source | Below this | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Administration budget (back-office running costs)Details | £484m | £484m | £6.97 | +19.1% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: The administration budget is published as one figure in PESA. The department’s annual report breaks its costs down further in PDF tables. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£484mPer resident£6.97Real change on a year earlier+19.1%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: The administration budget is published as one figure in PESA. The department’s annual report breaks its costs down further in PDF tables. | | | | | | | | CapitalDetails | £419m | £419m | £6.03 | +50.6% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: Capital is published as one figure in PESA. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£419mPer resident£6.03Real change on a year earlier+50.6%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: Capital is published as one figure in PESA. | | | | | | | | Programme spending (resource)Details | £231m | £231m | £3.32 | +1.5% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx) | Line or transaction not published: PESA does not break programme spending down. The department’s annual report and its spending over £25,000 go further. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£231mPer resident£3.32Real change on a year earlier+1.5%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a57728b822fbe6b8245c9a1/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_1_tables.xlsx)Below thisLine or transaction not published: PESA does not break programme spending down. The department’s annual report and its spending over £25,000 go further. | | | | | | | - United Kingdom - Wales ### Wales Identifiable spending under 1.1 in the nation (PESA chapter 10, the country and regional analysis): the devolved legislature and government where there is one, councils’ democratic and tax-collection costs, and UK bodies’ spending that can be traced to the nation. Most of the UK line (HMRC, the Treasury, the Cabinet Office, Parliament, diplomacy) is spent for the UK as a whole and is not in any nation’s figure. HM Treasury warns that splits between countries below the function level are less accurate. **£518m** in 2024-25 (cash); £536m in 2025-26 prices; £163 per resident; +9.1% on a year earlier in cash, +4.8% in real terms. | Department or service body | Cash, 2024-25 | Real terms (2025-26 prices) | Per resident | Real change on a year earlier | Source | Below this | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Welsh Government staff and running costsDetails | not published | not published | — | — | [Welsh Government](https://www.gov.wales/final-budget-2026-2027) | Local body not published: The Welsh budget tables go no further than these lines; outturn is in the Welsh Government’s consolidated accounts (PDF). | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)not publishedPer resident—Real change on a year earlier—Source[Welsh Government](https://www.gov.wales/final-budget-2026-2027)Below thisLocal body not published: The Welsh budget tables go no further than these lines; outturn is in the Welsh Government’s consolidated accounts (PDF). | | | | | | | | Senedd Commission (the Welsh Parliament)Details | £72m | £75m | £22.63 | +7.3% | [HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx) | Local body not published: The Commission’s accounts break its costs down in PDF only. | | Real terms (2025-26 prices)£75mPer resident£22.63Real change on a year earlier+7.3%Source[HM Treasury](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx)Below thisLocal body not published: The Commission’s accounts break its costs down in PDF only. | | | | | | | Cash is as published. Real terms are in 2025-26 prices, using HM Treasury’s GDP deflator. Per resident divides by ONS mid-year population for the area the body serves. Changes compare the same body in consecutive years. ## Search the department's payments over £25,000 Every payment of £25,000 or more the departments published for the latest year, as published. See [every department's spending over £25,000](/government-spending-over-25000/) for what each covers. ### Cabinet Office Cabinet Office published **6,988 payments** worth **£1.90bn** to 578 suppliers and recipients from September 2025 to August 2026 (12 of 12 months published). Searching needs JavaScript. Every payment is in [one JSON file](/data/spend25k/tx/cabinet-office.json). Source: Cabinet Office, [spending over £25,000](https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/cabinet-office-spend-data) on GOV.UK, Open Government Licence v3.0. 12 files read, newest updated 2026-09-24; every payment kept is in [one JSON file](/data/spend25k/tx/cabinet-office.json). **Every file read (12)** - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - August 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6aad022a44ec1aa417346c6d/Expenditure_Over_25000_-Aug_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core__1_.csv) (2026-08): 476 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - July 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a842891c9205b515d421e07/Expenditure_Over_25000_-July_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2026-07): 606 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - June 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a69c721f23ff62c51c1a7eb/Expenditure_Over_25000_-June_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2026-06): 637 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - May 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a3919a225c5199bda1178e2/Expenditure_Over_25000_-May_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2026-05): 562 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - April 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a18061ec7335e2ca6daac44/Expenditure_Over_25000_-April_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2026-04): 503 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - March 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69ef6596ed93f72cf816343c/Expenditure_Over_25000_-_March_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2026-03): 869 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - February 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69c15f18bb0dfe55b83e4bc1/Expenditure_Over_25000_-_February_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core__1_.csv) (2026-02): 604 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - January 2026 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/699c82d2e1c6bad1576fbbfd/Expenditure_Over_25000_-_January_2026__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2026-01): 560 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - December 2025 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69774ec94883520241b796df/Expenditure_Over_25000_-_December_2025__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2025-12): 614 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - November 2025 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/693bf0cc5cc812f50aa420c3/Expenditure_Over_25000_-_November_2025__Cabinet_Office_Core.csv) (2025-11): 534 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - October 2025 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/692439c3367485ea116a5601/Expenditure_Over_25000_-_October_2025__Cabinet_Office_Core___1___2___1_.csv) (2025-10): 524 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [Expenditure Over £25,000 - September 2025 (Cabinet Office Core)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69009a5a84b816d72cb9aa48/Expenditure_Over_25000_-_September_2025__Cabinet_Office_Core___1___2_.csv) (2025-09): 499 rows. Read 2026-09-24. ### HM Treasury HM Treasury published **1,189 payments** worth **£217.1m** to 130 suppliers and recipients from April 2025 to March 2026 (12 of 12 months published). Includes the Debt Management Office and other bodies in the Treasury group, named in the Entity column. **Gaps and problems in the data, as published (3)** - The newest payment published is from 2026-03, 6 months before this was read. - 36% of rows are under £25,000: the department lists individual lines of larger payments, or publishes some smaller ones. They are kept as published. - 14 credits and refunds (negative amounts, £380,359 in all) are included, so totals are net. Searching needs JavaScript. Every payment is in [one JSON file](/data/spend25k/tx/hmt.json). Source: HM Treasury, [spending over £25,000](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/hm-treasury-spend-over-25000) on GOV.UK, Open Government Licence v3.0. 12 files read, newest updated 2026-04-30; every payment kept is in [one JSON file](/data/spend25k/tx/hmt.json). **Every file read (12)** - [HM Treasury: spending over £25,000, March 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69f20bef2fae53a037096855/HMT_spending_over_25000_for_Mar_26.csv) (2026-03): 136 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HM Treasury: spending over £25,000, February 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69f462fe161a319cff4fbbbc/HMT_spending_over_25000_for_Feb_26.csv) (2026-02): 70 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HM Treasury: spending over £25,000, January 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69f200d30bb62e692c5d6e28/HMT_spending_over_25000_for_Jan_26.csv) (2026-01): 60 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HM Treasury: spending over £25,000, December 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/697a087b005d288bf850dea9/HMT_spending_over_25_000_for_Dec_25.csv) (2025-12): 149 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HM Treasury: spending over £25,000, November 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/697a080f005d288bf850dea7/HMT_spending_over_25_000_for_Nov_25.csv) (2025-11): 100 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HM Treasury: spending over £25,000, October 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/697a07a0005d288bf850dea6/HMT_spending_over_25_000_for_Oct_25.csv) (2025-10): 114 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMT spend greater than £25,000: September 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6941416e29501ea90654a4e2/HMT_spending_over_25000_Sep_25.csv) (2025-09): 84 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMT spend greater than £25,000: August 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/694140e11d8a56d23b7f0a9e/HMT_spending_over_25000_Aug_25.csv) (2025-08): 93 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMT spend greater than £25,000: July 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69413e7c1d8a56d23b7f0a9a/HMT_spending_over_25000_July_25.csv) (2025-07): 94 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMT spend greater than £25,000: June 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69413c0f1ec67214e98f2f7e/HMT_spending_over_25000_June_25.csv) (2025-06): 79 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMT spend greater than £25,000: May 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69413b1f29501ea90654a4d6/HMT_spending_over_25000_May_25.csv) (2025-05): 105 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMT spend greater than £25,000: April 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/694139a11ec67214e98f2f7b/HMT_spending_over_25000_Apr_25.csv) (2025-04): 105 rows. Read 2026-09-24. ### HM Revenue and Customs HM Revenue and Customs published **14,137 payments** worth **£2.73bn** to 495 suppliers and recipients from July 2025 to June 2026 (12 of 12 months published). **Gaps and problems in the data, as published (2)** - 14% of rows are under £25,000: the department lists individual lines of larger payments, or publishes some smaller ones. They are kept as published. - 306 credits and refunds (negative amounts, £31,963,300 in all) are included, so totals are net. Searching needs JavaScript. Every payment is in [one JSON file](/data/spend25k/tx/hmrc.json). Source: HM Revenue and Customs, [spending over £25,000](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/hmrc-spending-over-25000) on GOV.UK, Open Government Licence v3.0. 12 files read, newest updated 2026-07-30; every payment kept is in [one JSON file](/data/spend25k/tx/hmrc.json). **Every file read (12)** - [HMRC's spending over £25,000, June 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a6737d64ffe54a708aa3f43/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_June_2026.csv) (2026-06): 1,397 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 May 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a3e56aad52550a19950f5ee/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_May_2026.csv) (2026-05): 1,100 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for April 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a16e5775e28c5cac81cf17b/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_April_2026.csv) (2026-04): 1,691 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for March 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69ef774508ecdb5c6f34aff4/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_March_2026.csv) (2026-03): 1,583 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for February 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/69bd391713101e9908704999/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_February_2026.csv) (2026-02): 1,117 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for January 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/699f1e39532c9ad91ebbccea/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_January_2026.csv) (2026-01): 1,022 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for December 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/697bb11bf8f4a746d9572f63/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_December_2025.csv) (2025-12): 1,197 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for November 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/694a90b52f02611393508a3e/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_November_2025.csv) (2025-11): 1,015 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for October 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/692357fcb303fcb3352e538f/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_October_2025.csv) (2025-10): 1,038 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for September 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6900c0c184b816d72cb9aa70/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_September_2025.csv) (2025-09): 1,057 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for August 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/68d692d54e830dd22fa1ceda/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_August_2025.csv) (2025-08): 907 rows. Read 2026-09-24. - [HMRC's spending over £25,000 for July 2025](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/68ad75af960e2d135b4c8dea/HMRC_spending_over_25000_for_July_2025.csv) (2025-07): 1,013 rows. Read 2026-09-24. ## Staff At 31 March 2026 HMRC employed 71,210 civil servants (75,500 with the Valuation Office Agency), against 90,960 in 2008. The Treasury had 2,140 and the Cabinet Office 5,385; the Cabinet Office’s count moves with the functions it gains and loses. | Year | HMRC | HM Treasury | Cabinet Office | Published by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2026Details | 71,210 | 2,140 | 5,385 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury2,140Cabinet Office5,385Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2025Details | 66,945 | 2,015 | 6,890 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury2,015Cabinet Office6,890Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2024Details | 65,780 | 1,980 | 6,495 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury1,980Cabinet Office6,495Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2023Details | 68,395 | 2,005 | 5,915 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury2,005Cabinet Office5,915Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2022Details | 67,510 | 2,110 | 9,930 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury2,110Cabinet Office9,930Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2021Details | 62,940 | 2,020 | 9,460 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury2,020Cabinet Office9,460Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2020Details | 63,840 | 1,630 | 7,890 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury1,630Cabinet Office7,890Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2019Details | 63,950 | 1,480 | 6,170 | Cabinet Office | | HM Treasury1,480Cabinet Office6,170Published byCabinet Office | | | | | | 2018Details | 64,780 | 1,360 | 5,180 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,360Cabinet Office5,180Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2017Details | 68,710 | 1,250 | 2,580 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,250Cabinet Office2,580Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2016Details | 66,630 | 1,330 | 2,110 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,330Cabinet Office2,110Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2015Details | 64,310 | 1,130 | 2,140 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,130Cabinet Office2,140Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2014Details | 69,310 | 1,220 | 2,030 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,220Cabinet Office2,030Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2013Details | 72,740 | 1,250 | 1,840 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,250Cabinet Office1,840Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2012Details | 74,970 | 1,070 | 1,620 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,070Cabinet Office1,620Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2011Details | 74,380 | 1,330 | 1,510 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,330Cabinet Office1,510Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2010Details | 82,960 | 1,450 | 1,260 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,450Cabinet Office1,260Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2009Details | 88,870 | 1,330 | 1,260 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,330Cabinet Office1,260Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | | 2008Details | 90,960 | 1,150 | 1,240 | Office for National Statistics | | HM Treasury1,150Cabinet Office1,240Published byOffice for National Statistics | | | | | Source: Cabinet Office, [Civil Service Statistics: statistical tables (reconciliation table)](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a677302dbf59f1cdb3622ee/Statistical_tables_-_Civil_Service_Statistics_2026.ods), published 29 July 2026; Office for National Statistics, [Civil Service Statistics 2008 to 2018 (reconciliation table)](https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/publicsectorpersonnel/datasets/civilservicestatistics/2018/civilservice2018.xls). ## HMRC: what collecting tax costs HMRC collected £966.4 billion in 2025-26 at a cost of 0.51p for each £1. What each tax and benefit costs to collect or pay out is on [the cost of collection page](/cost-of-collection/). **HMRC’s cost of collecting each £1 of tax, pence** HMRC’s annual report, historical data series. From 2021-22 the ratio is shown net of customs and international trade, a change of method. **The numbers behind this chart** | Year | Pence per £1 collected | | --- | --- | | 2010-11 | 0.66p | | 2011-12 | 0.63p | | 2012-13 | 0.63p | | 2013-14 | 0.61p | | 2014-15 | 0.58p | | 2015-16 | 0.55p | | 2016-17 | 0.55p | | 2017-18 | 0.53p | | 2018-19 | 0.52p | | 2019-20 | 0.51p | | 2020-21 | 0.51p | | 2021-22 | 0.50p | | 2022-23 | 0.51p | | 2023-24 | 0.51p | | 2024-25 | 0.51p | | 2025-26 | 0.51p | Figure as of 9 July 2026. Source: [HM Revenue and Customs](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a4bdf0fc5aa1b17abab40c6/Statistical_tables_-_HMRC_Annual_Report_and_Accounts_2025_to_2026.xlsx). | Year | Tax collected | Cost per £1 | Staff (FTE) | Calls handled | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2025-26Details | £966.4bn | 0.51p | 66,416 | 89.9% | | Cost per £10.51pStaff (FTE)66,416Calls handled89.9% | | | | | | 2024-25Details | £875.9bn | 0.51p | 62,224 | 80.6% | | Cost per £10.51pStaff (FTE)62,224Calls handled80.6% | | | | | | 2023-24Details | £843.4bn | 0.51p | 61,186 | 77.4% | | Cost per £10.51pStaff (FTE)61,186Calls handled77.4% | | | | | | 2022-23Details | £814.0bn | 0.51p | 63,738 | 72.5% | | Cost per £10.51pStaff (FTE)63,738Calls handled72.5% | | | | | | 2021-22Details | £731.1bn | 0.50p | 63,445 | 82.3% | | Cost per £10.50pStaff (FTE)63,445Calls handled82.3% | | | | | | 2020-21Details | £608.8bn | 0.51p | 58,553 | 73.6% | | Cost per £10.51pStaff (FTE)58,553Calls handled73.6% | | | | | | 2019-20Details | £636.7bn | 0.51p | 58,688 | 79.4% | | Cost per £10.51pStaff (FTE)58,688Calls handled79.4% | | | | | | 2018-19Details | £627.9bn | 0.52p | 58,773 | 84.1% | | Cost per £10.52pStaff (FTE)58,773Calls handled84.1% | | | | | | 2017-18Details | £605.8bn | 0.53p | 59,332 | 87.1% | | Cost per £10.53pStaff (FTE)59,332Calls handled87.1% | | | | | | 2016-17Details | £574.9bn | 0.55p | 61,781 | 91.7% | | Cost per £10.55pStaff (FTE)61,781Calls handled91.7% | | | | | | 2015-16Details | £536.8bn | 0.55p | 58,621 | 71.6% | | Cost per £10.55pStaff (FTE)58,621Calls handled71.6% | | | | | | 2014-15Details | £517.7bn | 0.58p | 56,330 | 71.9% | | Cost per £10.58pStaff (FTE)56,330Calls handled71.9% | | | | | | 2013-14Details | £505.8bn | 0.61p | 61,370 | 78.8% | | Cost per £10.61pStaff (FTE)61,370Calls handled78.8% | | | | | | 2012-13Details | £475.6bn | 0.63p | 64,476 | 75.1% | | Cost per £10.63pStaff (FTE)64,476Calls handled75.1% | | | | | | 2011-12Details | £474.2bn | 0.63p | 66,467 | 74.3% | | Cost per £10.63pStaff (FTE)66,467Calls handled74.3% | | | | | | 2010-11Details | £469.7bn | 0.66p | 66,951 | 48.0% | | Cost per £10.66pStaff (FTE)66,951Calls handled48.0% | | | | | Staff are HMRC only, not the Valuation Office Agency, as revised in May 2024. Calls handled counts call attempts to 2020-21 and contacts to all helplines from 2021-22. Source: HM Revenue and Customs, [HMRC annual report and accounts 2025 to 2026: historical data series](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a4bdf0fc5aa1b17abab40c6/Statistical_tables_-_HMRC_Annual_Report_and_Accounts_2025_to_2026.xlsx), published 9 July 2026. ## Parliament Westminster cost £1.2bn in 2024-25, including capital. IPSA pays MPs’ salaries and office costs; staff and office costs averaged £275,197 for an MP who served all of 2024-25, and every MP’s costs are on [MPs’ pay and expenses](/mps-pay-and-expenses/). | Year | House of Commons | House of Lords | IPSA | Works grant | Total | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2024-25Details | £574.3m | £204.2m | £313.0m | £79.1m | £1,170.6m | | House of Lords£204.2mIPSA£313.0mWorks grant£79.1mTotal£1,170.6m | | | | | | | 2023-24Details | £549.4m | £203.9m | £242.8m | £75.4m | £1,071.5m | | House of Lords£203.9mIPSA£242.8mWorks grant£75.4mTotal£1,071.5m | | | | | | | 2022-23Details | £464.5m | £252.4m | £231.7m | £80.2m | £1,028.8m | | House of Lords£252.4mIPSA£231.7mWorks grant£80.2mTotal£1,028.8m | | | | | | | 2021-22Details | £491.6m | £177.9m | £217.9m | £122.2m | £1,009.6m | | House of Lords£177.9mIPSA£217.9mWorks grant£122.2mTotal£1,009.6m | | | | | | | 2020-21Details | £672.0m | £164.5m | £208.7m | £93.2m | £1,138.4m | | House of Lords£164.5mIPSA£208.7mWorks grant£93.2mTotal£1,138.4m | | | | | | | 2019-20Details | £723.1m | £192.0m | £199.7m | — | £1,114.8m | | House of Lords£192.0mIPSA£199.7mWorks grant—Total£1,114.8m | | | | | | | 2018-19Details | £419.2m | £205.6m | £196.4m | — | £821.2m | | House of Lords£205.6mIPSA£196.4mWorks grant—Total£821.2m | | | | | | HM Treasury’s OSCAR outturn database, added up here; it can differ slightly from each house’s own accounts. Capital varies a lot from year to year. Source: HM Treasury, [OSCAR annual outturn data, 2018-19 to 2024-25](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx); Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority, [MPs’ staffing and business costs: annual publications](https://www.theipsa.org.uk/mp-staffing-business-costs/annual-publications). ## The monarchy: the Sovereign Grant The grant was £132.1m in 2025-26, 12% of the Crown Estate’s £1,100.7m profit in 2023-24. The formula takes a share of the profit two years earlier, and the grant can never fall. It is £137.9m in 2026-27. **The Sovereign Grant and what the Royal Household spent from it, £ million, cash** Where spending is above the grant, the difference came from the Sovereign Grant Reserve; where below, it went into it. From 2017-18 part of the grant pays for reservicing Buckingham Palace, a ten-year programme ending in 2026-27. Hand-kept from the Royal Household’s accounts and the Royal Trustees’ reports. **The numbers behind this chart** | Year | Sovereign Grant | Net expenditure met by the grant | | --- | --- | --- | | 2012-13Details | £31.0m | £33.3m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£33.3m | | | | 2013-14Details | £36.1m | £35.7m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£35.7m | | | | 2014-15Details | £37.9m | £35.7m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£35.7m | | | | 2015-16Details | £40.1m | £39.8m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£39.8m | | | | 2016-17Details | £42.8m | £41.9m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£41.9m | | | | 2017-18Details | £76.1m | £47.4m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£47.4m | | | | 2018-19Details | £82.2m | £67.0m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£67.0m | | | | 2019-20Details | £82.4m | £69.4m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£69.4m | | | | 2020-21Details | £85.9m | £87.5m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£87.5m | | | | 2021-22Details | £86.3m | £102.4m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£102.4m | | | | 2022-23Details | £86.3m | £107.5m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£107.5m | | | | 2023-24Details | £86.3m | £89.1m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£89.1m | | | | 2024-25Details | £86.3m | £85.2m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£85.2m | | | | 2025-26Details | £132.1m | £117.2m | | Net expenditure met by the grant£117.2m | | | Figure as of unknown date. Source: [The Royal Household](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sovereign-grant-accounts), [HM Treasury](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sovereign-grant-act-2011-report-of-the-royal-trustees). | Year | Grant | Share of profit | Crown Estate profit (base year) | To (from) reserve | Reserve at 31 March | Staff (FTE) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2026-27 (set)Details | £137.9m | 12% | £1,149.0m (2024-25) | — | — | — | | Share of profit12%Crown Estate profit (base year)£1,149.0m (2024-25)To (from) reserve—Reserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)— | | | | | | | | 2025-26Details | £132.1m | 12% | £1,100.7m (2023-24) | £14.9m | £21.2m | 563 | | Share of profit12%Crown Estate profit (base year)£1,100.7m (2023-24)To (from) reserve£14.9mReserve at 31 March£21.2mStaff (FTE)563 | | | | | | | | 2024-25Details | £86.3m | 12% | £442.6m (2022-23) | £1.1m | £8.3m | 539 | | Share of profit12%Crown Estate profit (base year)£442.6m (2022-23)To (from) reserve£1.1mReserve at 31 March£8.3mStaff (FTE)539 | | | | | | | | 2023-24Details | £86.3m | 25% | £312.7m (2021-22) | £-2.8m | £5.5m | 523 | | Share of profit25%Crown Estate profit (base year)£312.7m (2021-22)To (from) reserve£-2.8mReserve at 31 March£5.5mStaff (FTE)523 | | | | | | | | 2022-23Details | £86.3m | 25% | £269.3m (2020-21) | £-21.2m | £10.1m | 517 | | Share of profit25%Crown Estate profit (base year)£269.3m (2020-21)To (from) reserve£-21.2mReserve at 31 March£10.1mStaff (FTE)517 | | | | | | | | 2021-22Details | £86.3m | 25% | £345.0m (2019-20) | £-16.1m | £30.8m | 491 | | Share of profit25%Crown Estate profit (base year)£345.0m (2019-20)To (from) reserve£-16.1mReserve at 31 March£30.8mStaff (FTE)491 | | | | | | | | 2020-21Details | £85.9m | 25% | £343.5m (2018-19) | £-1.6m | £45.4m | — | | Share of profit25%Crown Estate profit (base year)£343.5m (2018-19)To (from) reserve£-1.6mReserve at 31 March£45.4mStaff (FTE)— | | | | | | | | 2019-20Details | £82.4m | 25% | £329.4m (2017-18) | £13.0m | — | — | | Share of profit25%Crown Estate profit (base year)£329.4m (2017-18)To (from) reserve£13.0mReserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)— | | | | | | | | 2018-19Details | £82.2m | 25% | £328.8m (2016-17) | £15.2m | — | 463 | | Share of profit25%Crown Estate profit (base year)£328.8m (2016-17)To (from) reserve£15.2mReserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)463 | | | | | | | | 2017-18Details | £76.1m | 25% | £304.4m (2015-16) | £28.7m | — | 438 | | Share of profit25%Crown Estate profit (base year)£304.4m (2015-16)To (from) reserve£28.7mReserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)438 | | | | | | | | 2016-17Details | £42.8m | 15% | £285.1m (2014-15) | £0.9m | — | 436 | | Share of profit15%Crown Estate profit (base year)£285.1m (2014-15)To (from) reserve£0.9mReserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)436 | | | | | | | | 2015-16Details | £40.1m | 15% | £267.1m (2013-14) | £0.3m | — | 431 | | Share of profit15%Crown Estate profit (base year)£267.1m (2013-14)To (from) reserve£0.3mReserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)431 | | | | | | | | 2014-15Details | £37.9m | 15% | — | £2.2m | — | — | | Share of profit15%Crown Estate profit (base year)—To (from) reserve£2.2mReserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)— | | | | | | | | 2013-14Details | £36.1m | 15% | £240.2m (2011-12) | £0.4m | £1.4m | — | | Share of profit15%Crown Estate profit (base year)£240.2m (2011-12)To (from) reserve£0.4mReserve at 31 March£1.4mStaff (FTE)— | | | | | | | | 2012-13Details | £31.0m | — | — | £-2.3m | — | — | | Share of profit—Crown Estate profit (base year)—To (from) reserve£-2.3mReserve at 31 March—Staff (FTE)— | | | | | | | 2012-13: The first year of the Sovereign Grant, which was set at £31.0 million for 2012-13; £2.3 million of spending above the grant was drawn from the reserve. 2017-18: From 2017-18 the grant rose from 15% to 25% of Crown Estate profits for ten years, the extra 10% to pay for reservicing Buckingham Palace. 2022-23: 25% of the Crown Estate's 2020-21 profit came to less than the year before, so the grant stayed at £86.3 million: by law it cannot fall. 2024-25: The 2023 review cut the share of Crown Estate profits from 25% to 12%, in light of the expected increase in those profits from new offshore wind developments; 12% of 2022-23's profit was less than £86.3 million, so the grant stayed there. 2026-27: The final year of reservicing money. The Royal Trustees' 2026 review sets the share for 2027-28 onwards. Checked 24 September 2026. Source: The Royal Household, [The Sovereign Grant and Sovereign Grant Reserve annual report and accounts (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sovereign-grant-accounts); HM Treasury, [Sovereign Grant Act 2011: reports of the Royal Trustees on the Sovereign Grant (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sovereign-grant-act-2011-report-of-the-royal-trustees). ## Devolved parliaments and governments Each nation’s figure in the drill-down is its identifiable spending under the same heading. The running costs below come from the Scottish and Welsh budgets and HM Treasury’s database. Budgets are plans, not spending. Northern Ireland’s Assembly and civil service running costs are not yet here: they are published only in PDF accounts and budget documents. | Body | Nation | Year | Outturn or budget | Amount | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Senedd Commission (Welsh Parliament)Details | Wales | 2024-25 | Outturn | £72.1m | | NationWalesYear2024-25Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Senedd Commission (Welsh Parliament)Details | Wales | 2023-24 | Outturn | £64.6m | | NationWalesYear2023-24Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Senedd Commission (Welsh Parliament)Details | Wales | 2022-23 | Outturn | £63.0m | | NationWalesYear2022-23Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Government administration budget line (to 2018-19) and corporate running costs (from 2022-23)Details | Scotland | 2023-24 | Outturn | £203.7m | | NationScotlandYear2023-24Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Government administration budget line (to 2018-19) and corporate running costs (from 2022-23)Details | Scotland | 2022-23 | Outturn | £190.3m | | NationScotlandYear2022-23Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Government administration budget line (to 2018-19) and corporate running costs (from 2022-23)Details | Scotland | 2018-19 | Outturn | £188.2m | | NationScotlandYear2018-19Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Government administration budget line (to 2018-19) and corporate running costs (from 2022-23)Details | Scotland | 2017-18 | Outturn | £184.3m | | NationScotlandYear2017-18Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Government administration budget line (to 2018-19) and corporate running costs (from 2022-23)Details | Scotland | 2016-17 | Outturn | £181.5m | | NationScotlandYear2016-17Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Government administration budget line (to 2018-19) and corporate running costs (from 2022-23)Details | Scotland | 2015-16 | Outturn | £182.7m | | NationScotlandYear2015-16Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Government operating costsDetails | Scotland | 2025-26 | Budget | £801.7m | | NationScotlandYear2025-26Outturn or budgetBudget | | | | | | Scottish Government operating costsDetails | Scotland | 2024-25 | Budget | £757.0m | | NationScotlandYear2024-25Outturn or budgetBudget | | | | | | Scottish Government operating costsDetails | Scotland | 2023-24 | Outturn | £792.3m | | NationScotlandYear2023-24Outturn or budgetOutturn | | | | | | Scottish Parliamentary Corporate BodyDetails | Scotland | 2025-26 | Budget | £153.1m | | NationScotlandYear2025-26Outturn or budgetBudget | | | | | | Scottish Parliamentary Corporate BodyDetails | Scotland | 2024-25 | Budget | £143.1m | | NationScotlandYear2024-25Outturn or budgetBudget | | | | | | Welsh Government staff and running costsDetails | Wales | 2026-27 | Budget | £359.3m | | NationWalesYear2026-27Outturn or budgetBudget | | | | | The Scottish Government’s administration line stopped in 2018-19, when running costs were spread across portfolios; its corporate running costs line starts in 2022-23, so the two are not one series. Core Scottish Government staff and running costs across every portfolio, plus corporate running costs (digital, estates, procurement, finance, legal, HR). Autumn budget revision. Source: HM Treasury, [OSCAR annual outturn data, 2018-19 to 2024-25](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/691b0ebed140bbbaa59a28b1/BUD_24-25.xlsx); Scottish Government, [Scottish Budget 2025-26: Scottish Government operating costs, table 1 (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-budget-2025-2026/documents/); Scottish Government, [Scottish Budget 2025-26, table C.05 (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-budget-2025-2026/documents/); Scottish Government, [Scottish Budget 2025-26: outturn comparison 2015-16 to 2023-24 (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.scot/publications/scottish-budget-2025-2026/documents/); Welsh Government, [Welsh Government Final Budget 2026-27: main expenditure group tables (Central Services and Administration) (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.wales/final-budget-2026-2027). ## Who spends on public and common services HM Treasury’s wider heading “public and common services” adds general services and research to running government, and leaves out diplomacy and debt interest. The largest part in 2025-26 was Local Government. | Department or sector | 2025-26 | | --- | --- | | Local Government | £7.7bn | | HM Revenue and Customs | £6.5bn | | Small and Independent Bodies | £2.8bn | | HM Treasury | £2.4bn | | Cabinet Office | £1.7bn | | Scottish Government | £1.3bn | | Science, Innovation and Technology | £565m | | Northern Ireland Executive | £563m | | Housing, Communities and Local Government | £489m | | Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office | £440m | | Welsh Government | £360m | | Business and Trade | £56m | | Environment, Food and Rural Affairs | £22m | | Work and Pensions | £9m | | Justice | £5m | | **All** | £24.9bn | ## What each figure counts What each measure counts - HMRC’s cost of collecting each £1 of tax HMRC’s overall cost of collection: its costs of collecting tax as a share of the tax it collects, in pence per pound, as HMRC’s annual report works it out. From 2021-22 the ratio is shown net of customs and international trade, a change of method. Tax by tax, and for every other tax and benefit, on the cost of collection page. - Civil servants, core department (headcount) Civil servants employed by the core department, excluding its agencies, at 31 March, from the annual Civil Service Statistics (Office for National Statistics to 2018, Cabinet Office from 2019). Rounded to the nearest 10 or 5. Departmental boundaries move: the Cabinet Office count rises and falls as functions move in and out (from 2021 it includes Government in Parliament, the statistics note). - Civil servants, department and its agencies (headcount) The whole departmental group at 31 March: for HMRC with the Valuation Office Agency; for the Treasury with the Debt Management Office, the Government Internal Audit Agency and the Office for Budget Responsibility; for the Cabinet Office with its agencies and the Fast Stream. Published this way from 2019. - Net expenditure met by the Sovereign Grant The Royal Household’s official expenditure (staff, property maintenance, travel and other costs) less its own income from tours, recharges and rents, met from the grant and the reserve. From the Sovereign Grant accounts (hand-kept). - Crown Estate profit (the Sovereign Grant’s base) The Crown Estate’s income account net surplus for the base year, two years before the grant year, which the grant is a share of. Keyed by the grant year it set (hand-kept from the Royal Trustees’ reports). - HMRC call attempts handled The share of calls to HMRC that were handled. To 2020-21, call attempts to its advertised numbers; from 2021-22, contacts to all its helplines, a change of method. ## What these figures do and don't show - **Several measures, not one.** The UK and nation figures are spending by function across the public sector; the departments are their departmental expenditure limits; Parliament is HM Treasury’s outturn database. They do not add up to each other. - **UK and nation figures are different things.** Most of the UK figure is spent for the UK as a whole and is in no nation’s figure; each nation’s figure is only what can be traced to it. England-only and UK figures are never added together. - **Some figures are worked out here.** The split of the UK figure (external affairs, EU settlement payments and the rest), programme spending, Parliament’s total and the Sovereign Grant’s transfer to or from its reserve. - **Machinery-of-government changes.** Departments gain and lose functions; each PESA edition restates its years to the boundaries of the day, and staff counts move with them. HMRC and the Treasury are shown apart only from 2011-12. - **Budgets are marked.** The Scottish and Welsh running costs are mostly budgets, and the plans for the departments are plans; neither is spending. - **Not everything is published.** There is no spending by place for the UK bodies. The houses of Parliament, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland bodies publish their detailed accounts only as PDFs, some on sites that block automated reading. - **Nothing here shows cause and effect.** Staff, calls answered and tax collected are shown beside the money, not as what it bought. Figures from data/services/centre.json, generated 29 September 2026. ## Use this data The figures belong to the bodies that published them and are used under their terms, listed in [Sources for this page](#sources); most are Crown copyright under the Open Government Licence. Only our own words, analysis, charts and derived calculations are ours, published under [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/): reuse them, including commercially, if you credit [Tekstak Ltd](https://tek-stak.co.uk) and link back to this page. ### Download - [Running government: the Cabinet Office, Treasury, HMRC, Parliament and the Sovereign Grant: the dataset (CSV)](/data/services/centre.csv) [JSON](/data/services/centre.json) - [All data, field definitions and licences](/data/) ## Sources for this page | Source | Publisher | Figures as of | Updated | Licence | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [PESA 2026: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables and annex C](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5772f59e63154454413701/PESA_2026_CP_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx) | HM Treasury | 16 July 2026 | annual | [Open Government Licence v3.0](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) | | [PESA 2021: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/60f573d2d3bf7f56824cc5f3/PESA_2021_CP_Chapter_5.xlsx) | HM Treasury | 20 July 2021 | annual | [Open Government Licence v3.0](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) | | [PESA 2016: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7f5c21e5274a2e87db561f/PESA_2016_Chapter_5_tables.xlsx) | HM Treasury | 21 July 2016 | annual | [Open Government Licence v3.0](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) | | [PESA 2011: chapter 1, 5 and 10 tables](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7c87a5ed915d6969f45852/pesa_2011_tables_chapter5.xlsx) | HM Treasury | 13 July 2011 | annual | [Open Government Licence v3.0](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) | | [HMRC annual report and accounts 2025 to 2026: historical data series](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a4bdf0fc5aa1b17abab40c6/Statistical_tables_-_HMRC_Annual_Report_and_Accounts_2025_to_2026.xlsx) | HM Revenue and Customs | 9 July 2026 | annual | [Open Government Licence v3.0](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) | | [The Sovereign Grant and Sovereign Grant Reserve annual report and accounts (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sovereign-grant-accounts) | The Royal Household | — | annual | [Quoted with attribution (the publisher’s own terms)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/30) link only | | [Sovereign Grant Act 2011: reports of the Royal Trustees on the Sovereign Grant (hand-kept)](https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/sovereign-grant-act-2011-report-of-the-royal-trustees) | HM Treasury | — | annual | [Open Government Licence v3.0](https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) | Each source's figures are used under the licence shown. Our own words, analysis, charts and derived calculations are ours, under [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). ## Related pages - [Next in this section: Quangos and arm’s-length bodies](https://whereyourmoneygoes.co.uk/public-bodies/) - [Where does my tax money actually go?](https://whereyourmoneygoes.co.uk/for-every-100-pounds-of-tax/) - [How much is council tax and what does it pay for?](https://whereyourmoneygoes.co.uk/council-tax/) - [How much crime is there where I live?](https://whereyourmoneygoes.co.uk/crime/) ## More from this publisher - [UK tax calculators](https://howlongisit.co.uk) Published by [Tekstak Ltd](https://tek-stak.co.uk). Our words, analysis, charts and derived calculations: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), credit [Tekstak Ltd](https://tek-stak.co.uk). The figures belong to the publishers listed under Sources and are used under their licences. Figures last updated 29 September 2026.