In this section: Public services

Whole of government: all public spending by function, department, body and programme

Last updated 29 September 2026. Figures refresh every night. How each figure is worked out.

£1,360.1bn was spent on everything the public sector does (total managed expenditure) in the UK in 2025-26, £19,573 per resident. That is +1.9% on a year earlier after inflation (+5.4% in cash). In 2025-26 prices it has gone from £536.2bn in 1988-89 to £1,360.1bn. Below the functions, HM Treasury’s OSCAR database records £1,182.3bn of central government budgets in 2024-25 across 60 department groups; the largest is Department for Work and Pensions (£297.9bn).

Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: HM Treasury, HM Treasury, HM Treasury, HM Treasury, Office for Budget Responsibility.

Key figures

£1,360.1bnSpent in 2025-26, cash +5.4% on a year earlier As of 16 July 2026
+1.9%Real-terms change, 2025-26 on a year earlier £1,360.1bn in 2025-26 prices As of 16 July 2026
£19,573Per resident, 2025-26 As of 16 July 2026
£1,182.3bnCentral government budgets on OSCAR, 2024-25 DEL plus AME, 60 department groups
£107.7bnTotal managed expenditure less OSCAR, 2024-25 of which debt interest £126.5bn As of 16 July 2026

Sources: HM Treasury, Office for Budget Responsibility.

What is the short version?

Functions come from PESA, HM Treasury’s count of all public spending; departments, bodies and programmes come from OSCAR, its budgeting database.
The two do not add up to each other. OSCAR’s £1,182.3bn leaves out debt interest and councils’ own spending, and includes loans and provisions PESA does not count.
Blocks link to this site’s page for the function, department or body, where there is one.

Over the longest run published: cash, real terms and per head

United Kingdom: spending in cash and in 2025-26 prices, £ billion

Real terms use HM Treasury’s GDP deflator, 2025-26 prices. Breaks in the series: 1998-99: Figures before 1998-99 are on a cash basis and from 1998-99 on an accruals basis. 1988-89: Before 1988-89 the health, defence and education series are the OBR’s historical figures (from the IFS), not PESA. 2020-21: Health from 2020-21 to 2022-23 includes Covid-19 testing, vaccines and protective equipment. 2020-21: The department, body and programme levels start in 2020-21: the current OSCAR annual release covers 2020-21 to 2024-25, restated to today’s departments. Earlier releases use older structures and are not comparable. 2020-21: Machinery of government: OSCAR restates every year it holds to today’s departments, and this dataset uses each department’s and body’s current name, so departments created in 2023 (Science, Innovation and Technology; Energy Security and Net Zero; Business and Trade) are shown from 2020-21.

The numbers behind this chart

United Kingdom: spending in cash and in 2025-26 prices, £ billion (£ billion)
Year	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Cash
1988-89 Details for 1988-89	£536.2bn	£190.7bn
Cash £190.7bn
1989-90 Details for 1989-90	£546.8bn	£210.2bn
Cash £210.2bn
1990-91 Details for 1990-91	£546.0bn	£227.5bn
Cash £227.5bn
1991-92 Details for 1991-92	£575.4bn	£254.2bn
Cash £254.2bn
1992-93 Details for 1992-93	£604.1bn	£274.2bn
Cash £274.2bn
1993-94 Details for 1993-94	£613.4bn	£286.3bn
Cash £286.3bn
1994-95 Details for 1994-95	£630.5bn	£299.2bn
Cash £299.2bn
1995-96 Details for 1995-96	£636.1bn	£311.4bn
Cash £311.4bn
1996-97 Details for 1996-97	£624.2bn	£315.9bn
Cash £315.9bn
1997-98 Details for 1997-98	£634.6bn	£322.0bn
Cash £322.0bn
1998-99 Details for 1998-99	£643.1bn	£330.9bn
Cash £330.9bn
1999-00 Details for 1999-00	£658.5bn	£343.0bn
Cash £343.0bn
2000-01 Details for 2000-01	£692.6bn	£364.0bn
Cash £364.0bn
2001-02 Details for 2001-02	£726.0bn	£389.2bn
Cash £389.2bn
2002-03 Details for 2002-03	£769.9bn	£421.2bn
Cash £421.2bn
2003-04 Details for 2003-04	£882.0bn	£494.4bn
Cash £494.4bn
2004-05 Details for 2004-05	£926.7bn	£534.9bn
Cash £534.9bn
2005-06 Details for 2005-06	£952.8bn	£565.1bn
Cash £565.1bn
2006-07 Details for 2006-07	£969.7bn	£592.4bn
Cash £592.4bn
2007-08 Details for 2007-08	£1,010.2bn	£629.2bn
Cash £629.2bn
2008-09 Details for 2008-09	£1,061.5bn	£685.8bn
Cash £685.8bn
2009-10 Details for 2009-10	£1,100.6bn	£720.3bn
Cash £720.3bn
2010-11 Details for 2010-11	£1,116.3bn	£743.0bn
Cash £743.0bn
2011-12 Details for 2011-12	£1,096.7bn	£745.5bn
Cash £745.5bn
2012-13 Details for 2012-13	£1,097.8bn	£759.2bn
Cash £759.2bn
2013-14 Details for 2013-14	£1,083.1bn	£764.6bn
Cash £764.6bn
2014-15 Details for 2014-15	£1,098.2bn	£786.2bn
Cash £786.2bn
2015-16 Details for 2015-16	£1,101.0bn	£793.7bn
Cash £793.7bn
2016-17 Details for 2016-17	£1,103.4bn	£811.4bn
Cash £811.4bn
2017-18 Details for 2017-18	£1,126.4bn	£838.8bn
Cash £838.8bn
2018-19 Details for 2018-19	£1,124.0bn	£856.1bn
Cash £856.1bn
2019-20 Details for 2019-20	£1,132.0bn	£884.9bn
Cash £884.9bn
2020-21 Details for 2020-21	£1,340.8bn	£1,102.9bn
Cash £1,102.9bn
2021-22 Details for 2021-22	£1,262.4bn	£1,040.9bn
Cash £1,040.9bn
2022-23 Details for 2022-23	£1,315.2bn	£1,160.7bn
Cash £1,160.7bn
2023-24 Details for 2023-24	£1,324.9bn	£1,230.8bn
Cash £1,230.8bn
2024-25 Details for 2024-25	£1,334.4bn	£1,290.0bn
Cash £1,290.0bn
2025-26 Details for 2025-26	£1,360.1bn	£1,360.1bn
Cash £1,360.1bn

Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: HM Treasury, HM Treasury, HM Treasury, HM Treasury, Office for Budget Responsibility.

United Kingdom: spending per resident, 2025-26 prices

Per resident divides by ONS mid-year population estimates.

The numbers behind this chart

United Kingdom: spending per resident, 2025-26 prices (£ per resident)
Year	Per resident, 2025-26 prices	Per resident, cash
1988-89 Details for 1988-89	£9,420	£3,351
Per resident, cash £3,351
1989-90 Details for 1989-90	£9,580	£3,683
Per resident, cash £3,683
1990-91 Details for 1990-91	£9,539	£3,975
Per resident, cash £3,975
1991-92 Details for 1991-92	£10,018	£4,426
Per resident, cash £4,426
1992-93 Details for 1992-93	£10,492	£4,762
Per resident, cash £4,762
1993-94 Details for 1993-94	£10,628	£4,961
Per resident, cash £4,961
1994-95 Details for 1994-95	£10,897	£5,171
Per resident, cash £5,171
1995-96 Details for 1995-96	£10,963	£5,367
Per resident, cash £5,367
1996-97 Details for 1996-97	£10,731	£5,431
Per resident, cash £5,431
1997-98 Details for 1997-98	£10,882	£5,522
Per resident, cash £5,522
1998-99 Details for 1998-99	£10,998	£5,659
Per resident, cash £5,659
1999-00 Details for 1999-00	£11,221	£5,845
Per resident, cash £5,845
2000-01 Details for 2000-01	£11,762	£6,181
Per resident, cash £6,181
2001-02 Details for 2001-02	£12,282	£6,584
Per resident, cash £6,584
2002-03 Details for 2002-03	£12,968	£7,095
Per resident, cash £7,095
2003-04 Details for 2003-04	£14,790	£8,290
Per resident, cash £8,290
2004-05 Details for 2004-05	£15,457	£8,922
Per resident, cash £8,922
2005-06 Details for 2005-06	£15,772	£9,354
Per resident, cash £9,354
2006-07 Details for 2006-07	£15,942	£9,739
Per resident, cash £9,739
2007-08 Details for 2007-08	£16,474	£10,261
Per resident, cash £10,261
2008-09 Details for 2008-09	£17,169	£11,093
Per resident, cash £11,093
2009-10 Details for 2009-10	£17,678	£11,569
Per resident, cash £11,569
2010-11 Details for 2010-11	£17,788	£11,839
Per resident, cash £11,839
2011-12 Details for 2011-12	£17,329	£11,780
Per resident, cash £11,780
2012-13 Details for 2012-13	£17,231	£11,916
Per resident, cash £11,916
2013-14 Details for 2013-14	£16,887	£11,921
Per resident, cash £11,921
2014-15 Details for 2014-15	£16,994	£12,167
Per resident, cash £12,167
2015-16 Details for 2015-16	£16,916	£12,194
Per resident, cash £12,194
2016-17 Details for 2016-17	£16,819	£12,368
Per resident, cash £12,368
2017-18 Details for 2017-18	£17,076	£12,716
Per resident, cash £12,716
2018-19 Details for 2018-19	£16,957	£12,915
Per resident, cash £12,915
2019-20 Details for 2019-20	£16,990	£13,281
Per resident, cash £13,281
2020-21 Details for 2020-21	£20,089	£16,525
Per resident, cash £16,525
2021-22 Details for 2021-22	£18,848	£15,541
Per resident, cash £15,541
2022-23 Details for 2022-23	£19,446	£17,161
Per resident, cash £17,161
2023-24 Details for 2023-24	£19,335	£17,961
Per resident, cash £17,961
2024-25 Details for 2024-25	£19,261	£18,620
Per resident, cash £18,620
2025-26 Details for 2025-26	£19,573	£19,573
Per resident, cash £19,573

Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: HM Treasury, HM Treasury, HM Treasury, HM Treasury, Office for Budget Responsibility.

Source: HM Treasury, PESA 2026: chapters 4 and 5 tables, published 16 July 2026; HM Treasury, PESA 2021: chapter 4 and 5 tables; HM Treasury, PESA 2016: chapter 4 and 5 tables; HM Treasury, PESA 2011: chapter 4 and 5 tables; Office for Budget Responsibility, Historical public finances database.

All central government spending in one picture

Central government spending by function, department, body and programme, 2024-25

£1,182bn central government spending, 2024-25

Social protection, including the state pension £378bn £32 of every £100 Health £255bn £22 of every £100 Education £179bn £15 of every £100 Economic affairs, including transport £150bn £13 of every £100 Defence £71.0bn £6 of every £100 General public services £61.5bn £5.21 of every £100 Public order and safety £39.7bn £3.35 of every £100 Environment protection £16.2bn £1.37 of every £100 Housing and community amenities £13.5bn £1.14 of every £100 Not assigned to a function in OSCAR £11.3bn 96p of every £100 Recreation, culture and religion £7.6bn 64p of every £100

Source: HM Treasury, OSCAR annual release: November 2025 (outturn, resource plus capital, del plus ame (control totals), £ million), 2020-21 to 2024-25. Functions are OSCAR’s own COFOG codes. Views: HM Treasury GDP deflators and money GDP; ONS population.

Blocks are sized by outturn, resource plus capital, del plus ame (control totals), £ million. Choose a function to see its departments, then a department to see its bodies. Search finds any department, body or programme, including those inside a body. Each level keeps its biggest items and adds the rest as one “other” block. This is £1,182.3bn in 2024-25, against total managed expenditure of £1,290.0bn: the next section shows why they differ.

Source: HM Treasury, OSCAR annual release: November 2025: outturn, 2020-21 to 2024-25, published 19 November 2025.

Why the treemap and total public spending differ

HM Treasury publishes two measures. Total managed expenditure (TME) in PESA is the whole public sector, central and local government and public corporations, on a national accounts basis. OSCAR is central government’s own budgeting database: what each department, arm’s-length body and devolved administration spent against its budgets. OSCAR has the detail below department; PESA has the whole picture.

From OSCAR’s total to total managed expenditure, 2024-25
Step	Amount
Central government budgets recorded on OSCAR (DEL plus AME, resource plus capital)	£1,182.3bn
Debt interest (in PESA, not in OSCAR: paid from the National Loans Fund)	£126.5bn
Everything else: councils’ and public corporations’ own spending, less budget items the national accounts do not count as spending	−£18.8bn
Total managed expenditure (PESA)	£1,290.0bn

PESA and OSCAR by function, 2024-25, £ billion

Bar chart comparing HM Treasury’s two measures of spending by function in 2024-25. General public services, excluding debt interest: PESA £33.7bn, OSCAR £61.5bn; Defence: PESA £63.7bn, OSCAR £71.0bn; Public order and safety: PESA £51.8bn, OSCAR £39.7bn; Economic affairs, including transport: PESA £88.0bn, OSCAR £150.4bn; Environment protection: PESA £17.3bn, OSCAR £16.2bn; Housing and community amenities: PESA £21.7bn, OSCAR £13.5bn; Health: PESA £242.4bn, OSCAR £254.5bn; Recreation, culture and religion: PESA £13.6bn, OSCAR £7.6bn; Education: PESA £123.0bn, OSCAR £178.7bn; Social protection, including the state pension: PESA £386.3bn, OSCAR £378.0bn.

PESA counts general public services with debt interest in it; here it is shown without, as debt interest is not in OSCAR.

The numbers behind this chart

PESA and OSCAR by function, 2024-25, £ billion (£ billion, cash)
Item	PESA (total managed expenditure basis)	OSCAR (central government budgets)
General public services (ex. debt interest) Details for General public services (ex. debt interest)	£33.7bn	£61.5bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £61.5bn
Defence Details for Defence	£63.7bn	£71.0bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £71.0bn
Public order and safety Details for Public order and safety	£51.8bn	£39.7bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £39.7bn
Economic affairs Details for Economic affairs	£88.0bn	£150.4bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £150.4bn
Environment protection Details for Environment protection	£17.3bn	£16.2bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £16.2bn
Housing and community amenities Details for Housing and community amenities	£21.7bn	£13.5bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £13.5bn
Health Details for Health	£242.4bn	£254.5bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £254.5bn
Recreation, culture and religion Details for Recreation, culture and religion	£13.6bn	£7.6bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £7.6bn
Education Details for Education	£123.0bn	£178.7bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £178.7bn
Social protection Details for Social protection	£386.3bn	£378.0bn
OSCAR (central government budgets) £378.0bn

Figure as of 16 July 2026. Source: HM Treasury, HM Treasury.

Each function in PESA and in OSCAR, 2024-25, and why they differ
Function	PESA	OSCAR	PESA less OSCAR	Why
General public services, excluding debt interest Details for General public services, excluding debt interest	£33.7bn	£61.5bn	−£27.8bn	OSCAR records grants to local government here (the Scottish Government’s general resource grant, Welsh local government funding), which PESA counts in the functions councils spend them on, and budget provisions such as the Infected Blood Compensation Authority’s.
OSCAR £61.5bn PESA less OSCAR −£27.8bn Why OSCAR records grants to local government here (the Scottish Government’s general resource grant, Welsh local government funding), which PESA counts in the functions councils spend them on, and budget provisions such as the Infected Blood Compensation Authority’s.
Defence Details for Defence	£63.7bn	£71.0bn	−£7.3bn	Budgets include non-cash items (depreciation, impairments and provisions) that PESA counts differently, and PESA adds defence spending by other bodies.
OSCAR £71.0bn PESA less OSCAR −£7.3bn Why Budgets include non-cash items (depreciation, impairments and provisions) that PESA counts differently, and PESA adds defence spending by other bodies.
Public order and safety Details for Public order and safety	£51.8bn	£39.7bn	£12.1bn	PESA adds police and fire spending that councils and police and crime commissioners pay for from council tax, which is not in OSCAR.
OSCAR £39.7bn PESA less OSCAR £12.1bn Why PESA adds police and fire spending that councils and police and crime commissioners pay for from council tax, which is not in OSCAR.
Economic affairs, including transport Details for Economic affairs, including transport	£88.0bn	£150.4bn	−£62.4bn	OSCAR includes HM Treasury’s “financial assistance to other institutions” (AME), a budget item PESA’s national accounts measure does not count as spending on services, and HMRC’s R&D tax credits paid out; PESA adds councils’ own transport spending.
OSCAR £150.4bn PESA less OSCAR −£62.4bn Why OSCAR includes HM Treasury’s “financial assistance to other institutions” (AME), a budget item PESA’s national accounts measure does not count as spending on services, and HMRC’s R&D tax credits paid out; PESA adds councils’ own transport spending.
Environment protection Details for Environment protection	£17.3bn	£16.2bn	£1.1bn	PESA adds councils’ own spending, mostly waste collection and disposal paid for from council tax.
OSCAR £16.2bn PESA less OSCAR £1.1bn Why PESA adds councils’ own spending, mostly waste collection and disposal paid for from council tax.
Housing and community amenities Details for Housing and community amenities	£21.7bn	£13.5bn	£8.2bn	PESA adds councils’ own housing and community spending and public corporations.
OSCAR £13.5bn PESA less OSCAR £8.2bn Why PESA adds councils’ own housing and community spending and public corporations.
Health Details for Health	£242.4bn	£254.5bn	−£12.1bn	Budgets include non-cash items and provisions (clinical negligence) that PESA counts differently.
OSCAR £254.5bn PESA less OSCAR −£12.1bn Why Budgets include non-cash items and provisions (clinical negligence) that PESA counts differently.
Recreation, culture and religion Details for Recreation, culture and religion	£13.6bn	£7.6bn	£6.0bn	PESA adds councils’ own spending on leisure, libraries and culture.
OSCAR £7.6bn PESA less OSCAR £6.0bn Why PESA adds councils’ own spending on leisure, libraries and culture.
Education Details for Education	£123.0bn	£178.7bn	−£55.7bn	OSCAR includes student loans paid out (AME capital), which are loans, not spending, in the national accounts; PESA counts only the part not expected to be repaid.
OSCAR £178.7bn PESA less OSCAR −£55.7bn Why OSCAR includes student loans paid out (AME capital), which are loans, not spending, in the national accounts; PESA counts only the part not expected to be repaid.
Social protection, including the state pension Details for Social protection, including the state pension	£386.3bn	£378.0bn	£8.3bn	PESA adds councils’ own spending on social care; OSCAR’s pension scheme AME includes changes in pension liabilities that PESA does not count as spending.
OSCAR £378.0bn PESA less OSCAR £8.3bn Why PESA adds councils’ own spending on social care; OSCAR’s pension scheme AME includes changes in pension liabilities that PESA does not count as spending.
Not assigned to a function in OSCAR Details for Not assigned to a function in OSCAR	not published	£11.3bn	not published	Lines OSCAR records with no function, mostly business rates retained by councils in England, which PESA counts in the functions councils spend them on.
OSCAR £11.3bn PESA less OSCAR not published Why Lines OSCAR records with no function, mostly business rates retained by councils in England, which PESA counts in the functions councils spend them on.

PESA’s accounting adjustments (£123.5bn in 2024-25) are part of total managed expenditure but not of any function. The step “everything else” is worked out in the pipeline as total managed expenditure less OSCAR’s total and debt interest.

Source: HM Treasury, PESA 2026: chapters 4 and 5 tables, published 16 July 2026; HM Treasury, OSCAR annual release: November 2025: outturn, 2020-21 to 2024-25, published 19 November 2025.

Which budgets the treemap counts

OSCAR by function and budget, 2024-25
Function	Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL)	Investment, set in advance (capital DEL)	Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME)	Demand-led, investment (capital AME)	Total
General public services, excluding debt interest Details for General public services, excluding debt interest	£19.6bn	£5.6bn	£35.3bn	£1.0bn	£61.5bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £19.6bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £5.6bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £35.3bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £1.0bn
Defence Details for Defence	£43.4bn	£21.1bn	£6.5bn	£4m	£71.0bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £43.4bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £21.1bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £6.5bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £4m
Public order and safety Details for Public order and safety	£28.6bn	£3.5bn	£7.2bn	£328m	£39.7bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £28.6bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £3.5bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £7.2bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £328m
Economic affairs, including transport Details for Economic affairs, including transport	£31.4bn	£34.5bn	£51.6bn	£32.8bn	£150.4bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £31.4bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £34.5bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £51.6bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £32.8bn
Environment protection Details for Environment protection	£2.9bn	£7.0bn	£5.9bn	£366m	£16.2bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £2.9bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £7.0bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £5.9bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £366m
Housing and community amenities Details for Housing and community amenities	£4.0bn	£8.1bn	−£172m	£1.5bn	£13.5bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £4.0bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £8.1bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) −£172m Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £1.5bn
Health Details for Health	£216.3bn	£12.4bn	£24.1bn	£1.6bn	£254.5bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £216.3bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £12.4bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £24.1bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £1.6bn
Recreation, culture and religion Details for Recreation, culture and religion	£1.9bn	£561m	£4.6bn	£492m	£7.6bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £1.9bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £561m Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £4.6bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £492m
Education Details for Education	£135.5bn	£9.3bn	£150m	£33.7bn	£178.7bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £135.5bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £9.3bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £150m Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £33.7bn
Social protection, including the state pension Details for Social protection, including the state pension	£9.8bn	£772m	£367.1bn	£344m	£378.0bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £9.8bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £772m Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) £367.1bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) £344m
Not assigned to a function in OSCAR Details for Not assigned to a function in OSCAR	£12.7bn	£6.1bn	−£1.6bn	−£5.8bn	£11.3bn
Day-to-day, set in advance (resource DEL) £12.7bn Investment, set in advance (capital DEL) £6.1bn Demand-led, day-to-day (resource AME) −£1.6bn Demand-led, investment (capital AME) −£5.8bn

Departmental expenditure limits (DEL) are budgets fixed in spending reviews; annually managed expenditure (AME) is spending that follows demand, such as pensions and benefits, and is forecast rather than capped. Resource budgets include depreciation. “Non-budget” lines are left out, so money passed to the devolved administrations is counted once, where they spend it.

Where the money goes, level by level

UK total (this level)
Nation not published
Department or service body
Local body not published
Spending category
Line or transaction

United Kingdom

All public spending, central and local government and public corporations, as HM Treasury measures it in PESA (total managed expenditure).

£1,360.1bn in 2025-26 (cash); £1,360.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £19,573 per resident; +5.4% on a year earlier in cash, +1.9% in real terms.

United Kingdom: by spending category, 2025-26
Spending category	Cash, 2025-26	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Social protection, including the state pension Details for Social protection, including the state pension	£407.3bn	£407.3bn	£5,862	+1.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £407.3bn Per resident £5,862 Real change on a year earlier +1.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Health Details for Health	£257.5bn	£257.5bn	£3,706	+2.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £257.5bn Per resident £3,706 Real change on a year earlier +2.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Accounting adjustments Details for Accounting adjustments	£132.5bn	£132.5bn	£1,907	+3.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £132.5bn Per resident £1,907 Real change on a year earlier +3.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Debt interest Details for Debt interest	£130.3bn	£130.3bn	£1,875	−0.4%	HM Treasury	Line or transaction not published: Debt interest is not in the OSCAR release: central government’s interest is paid from the National Loans Fund, outside departmental budgets. The debt interest page splits it by who pays it.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £130.3bn Per resident £1,875 Real change on a year earlier −0.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Line or transaction not published: Debt interest is not in the OSCAR release: central government’s interest is paid from the National Loans Fund, outside departmental budgets. The debt interest page splits it by who pays it.
Education Details for Education	£125.7bn	£125.7bn	£1,809	−1.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £125.7bn Per resident £1,809 Real change on a year earlier −1.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Economic affairs, including transport Details for Economic affairs, including transport	£94.0bn	£94.0bn	£1,353	+3.3%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £94.0bn Per resident £1,353 Real change on a year earlier +3.3% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Defence Details for Defence	£65.4bn	£65.4bn	£941	−0.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £65.4bn Per resident £941 Real change on a year earlier −0.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Public order and safety Details for Public order and safety	£55.7bn	£55.7bn	£802	+3.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £55.7bn Per resident £802 Real change on a year earlier +3.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
General public services, excluding debt interest Details for General public services, excluding debt interest	£35.2bn	£35.2bn	£507	+1.0%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £35.2bn Per resident £507 Real change on a year earlier +1.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Housing and community amenities Details for Housing and community amenities	£22.5bn	£22.5bn	£324	+0.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £22.5bn Per resident £324 Real change on a year earlier +0.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Environment protection Details for Environment protection	£19.2bn	£19.2bn	£276	+7.3%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £19.2bn Per resident £276 Real change on a year earlier +7.3% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Recreation, culture and religion Details for Recreation, culture and religion	£15.1bn	£15.1bn	£217	+7.3%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £15.1bn Per resident £217 Real change on a year earlier +7.3% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£407.3bn in 2025-26 (cash); £407.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £5,862 per resident; +5.4% on a year earlier in cash, +1.9% in real terms.

Social protection, including the state pension: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Department for Work and Pensions Details for Department for Work and Pensions	£293.6bn	£303.8bn	£4,238	+4.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £303.8bn Per resident £4,238 Real change on a year earlier +4.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (15) Details for Other departments (15)	£19.8bn	£20.5bn	£286	−10.2%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £20.5bn Per resident £286 Real change on a year earlier −10.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
HM Revenue & Customs Details for HM Revenue Customs	£17.4bn	£18.0bn	£252	−23.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £18.0bn Per resident £252 Real change on a year earlier −23.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
National Health Service Pension Scheme Details for National Health Service Pension Scheme	£13.9bn	£14.4bn	£201	−24.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.4bn Per resident £201 Real change on a year earlier −24.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Northern Ireland Executive Details for Northern Ireland Executive	£13.8bn	£14.3bn	£7,183	+3.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.3bn Per resident £7,183 Real change on a year earlier +3.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£9.7bn	£10.0bn	£1,742	+0.3%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £10.0bn Per resident £1,742 Real change on a year earlier +0.3% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Cabinet Office: Civil Superannuation Details for Cabinet Office: Civil Superannuation	£9.6bn	£10.0bn	£139	−6.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £10.0bn Per resident £139 Real change on a year earlier −6.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	£8.3bn	£8.6bn	£120	+295.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £8.6bn Per resident £120 Real change on a year earlier +295.3% Source HM Treasury

£293.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £303.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £4,238 per resident; +8.6% on a year earlier in cash, +4.4% in real terms.

Department for Work and Pensions: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Department for Work and Pensions Details for Department for Work and Pensions	£293.4bn	£303.5bn	£4,234	+4.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £303.5bn Per resident £4,234 Real change on a year earlier +4.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (3) Details for Other bodies (3)	£276m	£286m	£3.99	−11.1%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £286m Per resident £3.99 Real change on a year earlier −11.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Department.

£293.4bn in 2024-25 (cash); £303.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £4,234 per resident; +8.7% on a year earlier in cash, +4.4% in real terms.

Department for Work and Pensions: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
State pension Details for State pension	£88.8bn	£91.9bn	£1,282	−2.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £91.9bn Per resident £1,282 Real change on a year earlier −2.2% Source HM Treasury
Universal credit Details for Universal credit	£67.0bn	£69.3bn	£967	+23.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £69.3bn Per resident £967 Real change on a year earlier +23.2% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (57) Details for Other programmes (57)	£65.3bn	£67.5bn	£942	−14.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £67.5bn Per resident £942 Real change on a year earlier −14.2% Source HM Treasury
New state pension (excluding protected payments) Details for New state pension (excluding protected payments)	£46.3bn	£47.9bn	£669	+24.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £47.9bn Per resident £669 Real change on a year earlier +24.9% Source HM Treasury
Personal independence payment Details for Personal independence payment	£25.9bn	£26.8bn	£374	+14.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £26.8bn Per resident £374 Real change on a year earlier +14.7% Source HM Treasury

£17.4bn in 2024-25 (cash); £18.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £252 per resident; −20.4% on a year earlier in cash, −23.5% in real terms.

HM Revenue & Customs: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Child benefit Details for Child benefit	£13.3bn	£13.8bn	£192	+2.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £13.8bn Per resident £192 Real change on a year earlier +2.2% Source HM Treasury
Personal tax credit Details for Personal tax credit	£2.7bn	£2.8bn	£38.53	−64.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.8bn Per resident £38.53 Real change on a year earlier −64.9% Source HM Treasury
Lifetime ISA (LISA) Details for Lifetime ISA (LISA)	£624m	£646m	£9.01	+20.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £646m Per resident £9.01 Real change on a year earlier +20.2% Source HM Treasury
Tax Free Child Care Details for Tax Free Child Care	£618m	£639m	£8.92	−6.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £639m Per resident £8.92 Real change on a year earlier −6.5% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (5) Details for Other programmes (5)	£226m	£233m	£3.26	−77.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £233m Per resident £3.26 Real change on a year earlier −77.5% Source HM Treasury

£13.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £14.4bn in 2025-26 prices; £201 per resident; −21.7% on a year earlier in cash, −24.7% in real terms.

National Health Service Pension Scheme: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
NHS pension scheme - England and Wales Details for NHS pension scheme - England and Wales	£13.9bn	£14.4bn	£201	−24.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.4bn Per resident £201 Real change on a year earlier −24.7% Source HM Treasury

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Northern Ireland’s population.

£13.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £14.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £7,183 per resident; +8.2% on a year earlier in cash, +3.9% in real terms.

Northern Ireland Executive: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (17) Details for Other programmes (17)	£4.8bn	£4.9bn	£2,480	−5.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.9bn Per resident £2,480 Real change on a year earlier −5.0% Source HM Treasury
Social security benefits old age Details for Social security benefits old age	£3.5bn	£3.6bn	£1,794	+5.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.6bn Per resident £1,794 Real change on a year earlier +5.3% Source HM Treasury
Social security benefits sickness and disability inside welfare cap Details for Social security benefits sickness and disability inside welfare cap	£3.2bn	£3.4bn	£1,685	+3.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.4bn Per resident £1,685 Real change on a year earlier +3.4% Source HM Treasury
Social security benefits family and children inside welfare cap Details for Social security benefits family and children inside welfare cap	£1.5bn	£1.5bn	£772	+44.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.5bn Per resident £772 Real change on a year earlier +44.2% Source HM Treasury
Health and social care pension scheme Details for Health and social care pension scheme	£873m	£903m	£453	+5.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £903m Per resident £453 Real change on a year earlier +5.3% Source HM Treasury

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£9.7bn in 2024-25 (cash); £10.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,742 per resident; +4.4% on a year earlier in cash, +0.3% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Social security - personal independence payment Details for Social security - personal independence payment	£3.1bn	£3.2bn	£564	+14.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.2bn Per resident £564 Real change on a year earlier +14.3% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (20) Details for Other programmes (20)	£2.5bn	£2.6bn	£458	+7.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.6bn Per resident £458 Real change on a year earlier +7.7% Source HM Treasury
UK govt funded: NHS pension scheme - old age Details for UK govt funded: NHS pension scheme - old age	£1.8bn	£1.9bn	£323	−16.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.9bn Per resident £323 Real change on a year earlier −16.1% Source HM Treasury
Promoting equality Details for Promoting equality	£1.1bn	£1.2bn	£206	−4.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £206 Real change on a year earlier −4.4% Source HM Treasury
UK govt funded: teachers pension scheme - old age Details for UK govt funded: teachers pension scheme - old age	£1.1bn	£1.1bn	£191	−12.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.1bn Per resident £191 Real change on a year earlier −12.4% Source HM Treasury

£9.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £10.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £139 per resident; −3.0% on a year earlier in cash, −6.8% in real terms.

Cabinet Office: Civil Superannuation: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
PCSPS Details for PCSPS	£9.0bn	£9.3bn	£130	−3.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £9.3bn Per resident £130 Real change on a year earlier −3.7% Source HM Treasury
Sia pensions Details for Sia pensions	£642m	£664m	£9.26	−35.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £664m Per resident £9.26 Real change on a year earlier −35.2% Source HM Treasury

Health

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£257.5bn in 2025-26 (cash); £257.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £3,706 per resident; +6.2% on a year earlier in cash, +2.7% in real terms.

Health: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Department of Health (NHS) Details for Department of Health (NHS)	£214.2bn	£221.6bn	£3,092	+12.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £221.6bn Per resident £3,092 Real change on a year earlier +12.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£20.3bn	£21.0bn	£3,656	+4.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £21.0bn Per resident £3,656 Real change on a year earlier +4.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£12.2bn	£12.6bn	£3,820	+3.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £12.6bn Per resident £3,820 Real change on a year earlier +3.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Northern Ireland Executive Details for Northern Ireland Executive	£7.7bn	£8.0bn	£4,013	+1.3%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £8.0bn Per resident £4,013 Real change on a year earlier +1.3% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (2) Details for Other departments (2)	£119m	£123m	£1.72	−35.2%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £123m Per resident £1.72 Real change on a year earlier −35.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	−£12.1bn	−£12.5bn	−£175	−1445.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£12.5bn Per resident −£175 Real change on a year earlier −1445.5% Source HM Treasury

Department of Health (NHS)

£214.2bn in 2024-25 (cash); £221.6bn in 2025-26 prices; £3,092 per resident; +16.6% on a year earlier in cash, +12.1% in real terms.

Department of Health (NHS): by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
NHS Trusts Details for NHS Trusts	£135.5bn	£140.2bn	£1,956	+4.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £140.2bn Per resident £1,956 Real change on a year earlier +4.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
NHS Commissioning Board (NHS England) Details for NHS Commissioning Board (NHS England)	£62.9bn	£65.0bn	£908	+5.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £65.0bn Per resident £908 Real change on a year earlier +5.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department of Health (NHS) Details for Department of Health (NHS)	£14.3bn	£14.8bn	£207	+2804.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.8bn Per resident £207 Real change on a year earlier +2804.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
NHS Property Services Details for NHS Property Services	£738m	£764m	£10.65	−1.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £764m Per resident £10.65 Real change on a year earlier −1.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (15) Details for Other bodies (15)	£718m	£743m	£10.36	+12.0%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £743m Per resident £10.36 Real change on a year earlier +12.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

NHS Trusts

Arms length body.

£135.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £140.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,956 per resident; +8.8% on a year earlier in cash, +4.5% in real terms.

NHS Trusts: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
NHS providers Details for NHS providers	£135.6bn	£140.3bn	£1,957	+4.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £140.3bn Per resident £1,957 Real change on a year earlier +4.5% Source HM Treasury
NHS PROVIDERS Charitable Funds Details for NHS PROVIDERS Charitable Funds	−£60m	−£62m	−£0.86	+13.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£62m Per resident −£0.86 Real change on a year earlier +13.9% Source HM Treasury

NHS Commissioning Board (NHS England)

Arms length body.

£62.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £65.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £908 per resident; +9.9% on a year earlier in cash, +5.6% in real terms.

NHS Commissioning Board (NHS England): by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
NHS Commissioning Board (NHS England) Details for NHS Commissioning Board (NHS England)	£32.7bn	£33.8bn	£472	+11.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £33.8bn Per resident £472 Real change on a year earlier +11.7% Source HM Treasury
NHS England Details for NHS England	£30.2bn	£31.2bn	£435	−0.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £31.2bn Per resident £435 Real change on a year earlier −0.2% Source HM Treasury

Department of Health (NHS)

Department.

£14.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £14.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £207 per resident; +2922.8% on a year earlier in cash, +2804.7% in real terms.

Department of Health (NHS): by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
NHS Litigation Authority (NHS Resolution) Details for NHS Litigation Authority (NHS Resolution)	£4.4bn	£4.5bn	£63.26	+150.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.5bn Per resident £63.26 Real change on a year earlier +150.9% Source HM Treasury
Public Health Details for Public Health	£3.4bn	£3.5bn	£49.45	−0.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.5bn Per resident £49.45 Real change on a year earlier −0.3% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (9) Details for Other programmes (9)	£2.6bn	£2.7bn	£37.09	+45.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.7bn Per resident £37.09 Real change on a year earlier +45.8% Source HM Treasury
UKHSA Details for UKHSA	£2.1bn	£2.1bn	£29.63	−15.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.1bn Per resident £29.63 Real change on a year earlier −15.0% Source HM Treasury
Research and development Details for Research and development	£1.9bn	£2.0bn	£27.56	+28.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.0bn Per resident £27.56 Real change on a year earlier +28.6% Source HM Treasury

NHS Property Services

Arms length body.

£738m in 2024-25 (cash); £764m in 2025-26 prices; £10.65 per resident; +2.3% on a year earlier in cash, −1.7% in real terms.

NHS Property Services: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Arm's Length and Other Bodies Details for Arm s Length and Other Bodies	£738m	£764m	£10.65	−1.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £764m Per resident £10.65 Real change on a year earlier −1.7% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£20.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £21.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £3,656 per resident; +8.4% on a year earlier in cash, +4.2% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Health - NHS boards & hospital services Details for Health - NHS boards hospital services	£16.8bn	£17.4bn	£3,032	+6.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £17.4bn Per resident £3,032 Real change on a year earlier +6.0% Source HM Treasury
Health - outpatient services Details for Health - outpatient services	£1.9bn	£2.0bn	£348	−0.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.0bn Per resident £348 Real change on a year earlier −0.2% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (3) Details for Other programmes (3)	£766m	£793m	£138	+25.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £793m Per resident £138 Real change on a year earlier +25.3% Source HM Treasury
Health research & development Details for Health research development	£406m	£420m	£73.22	−17.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £420m Per resident £73.22 Real change on a year earlier −17.3% Source HM Treasury
Medical services Details for Medical services	£357m	£369m	£64.29	−36.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £369m Per resident £64.29 Real change on a year earlier −36.3% Source HM Treasury

Welsh Assembly Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Wales’s population.

£12.2bn in 2024-25 (cash); £12.6bn in 2025-26 prices; £3,820 per resident; +8.0% on a year earlier in cash, +3.8% in real terms.

Welsh Assembly Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
NHS delivery Details for NHS delivery	£11.6bn	£12.0bn	£3,631	+4.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £12.0bn Per resident £3,631 Real change on a year earlier +4.1% Source HM Treasury
Public health & prevention Details for Public health prevention	£515m	£532m	£162	+3.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £532m Per resident £162 Real change on a year earlier +3.7% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (5) Details for Other programmes (5)	£85m	£88m	£26.79	−30.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £88m Per resident £26.79 Real change on a year earlier −30.0% Source HM Treasury

Northern Ireland Executive

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Northern Ireland’s population.

£7.7bn in 2024-25 (cash); £8.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £4,013 per resident; +5.4% on a year earlier in cash, +1.3% in real terms.

Northern Ireland Executive: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Hospital services Details for Hospital services	£5.9bn	£6.1bn	£3,070	+2.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £6.1bn Per resident £3,070 Real change on a year earlier +2.8% Source HM Treasury
General pharmaceutical services Details for General pharmaceutical services	£509m	£527m	£264	−3.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £527m Per resident £264 Real change on a year earlier −3.9% Source HM Treasury
Health support services Details for Health support services	£445m	£460m	£231	−20.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £460m Per resident £231 Real change on a year earlier −20.0% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (7) Details for Other programmes (7)	£444m	£460m	£230	+6.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £460m Per resident £230 Real change on a year earlier +6.3% Source HM Treasury
General medical services Details for General medical services	£420m	£435m	£218	+11.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £435m Per resident £218 Real change on a year earlier +11.0% Source HM Treasury

Accounting adjustments

The difference between total managed expenditure and spending on services in PESA (national accounts adjustments), with the OSCAR lines that have no function.

£132.5bn in 2025-26 (cash); £132.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,907 per resident; +7.3% on a year earlier in cash, +3.7% in real terms.

Accounting adjustments: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
PESA’s accounting adjustments, less the OSCAR lines above Details for PESA’s accounting adjustments, less the OSCAR lines above	£112.2bn	£116.0bn	£1,619	+30.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £116.0bn Per resident £1,619 Real change on a year earlier +30.8% Source HM Treasury
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government Details for Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government	£34.2bn	£35.3bn	£493	+6.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £35.3bn Per resident £493 Real change on a year earlier +6.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£2.6bn	£2.7bn	£816	+169.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.7bn Per resident £816 Real change on a year earlier +169.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Work and Pensions Details for Department for Work and Pensions	£950m	£983m	£13.71	−5.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £983m Per resident £13.71 Real change on a year earlier −5.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Transport Details for Department for Transport	£322m	£333m	£4.65	−3.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £333m Per resident £4.65 Real change on a year earlier −3.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (7) Details for Other departments (7)	−£26.7bn	−£27.6bn	−£386	−6335.9%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£27.6bn Per resident −£386 Real change on a year earlier −6335.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government

£34.2bn in 2024-25 (cash); £35.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £493 per resident; +11.1% on a year earlier in cash, +6.8% in real terms.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
MHCLG Local Government Details for MHCLG Local Government	£34.4bn	£35.6bn	£496	+8.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £35.6bn Per resident £496 Real change on a year earlier +8.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
MHCLG Communities Details for MHCLG Communities	£271m	£280m	£3.91	+12.0%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £280m Per resident £3.91 Real change on a year earlier +12.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (2) Details for Other bodies (2)	−£479m	−£495m	−£6.91	−477.9%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£495m Per resident −£6.91 Real change on a year earlier −477.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

MHCLG Local Government

Department.

£34.4bn in 2024-25 (cash); £35.6bn in 2025-26 prices; £496 per resident; +13.1% on a year earlier in cash, +8.7% in real terms.

MHCLG Local Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Business rates retention local share Details for Business rates retention local share	£16.3bn	£16.9bn	£236	+6.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £16.9bn Per resident £236 Real change on a year earlier +6.6% Source HM Treasury
BR S31 Relief Measures Details for BR S31 Relief Measures	£5.5bn	£5.7bn	£79.69	+6.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £5.7bn Per resident £79.69 Real change on a year earlier +6.2% Source HM Treasury
Adult Social Care Support Grant Details for Adult Social Care Support Grant	£5.0bn	£5.2bn	£72.80	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £5.2bn Per resident £72.80 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (39) Details for Other programmes (39)	£4.6bn	£4.8bn	£66.89	−43.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.8bn Per resident £66.89 Real change on a year earlier −43.9% Source HM Treasury
BRR Top-Ups Details for BRR Top-Ups	£2.8bn	£2.9bn	£40.86	−0.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.9bn Per resident £40.86 Real change on a year earlier −0.2% Source HM Treasury

MHCLG Communities

Department.

£271m in 2024-25 (cash); £280m in 2025-26 prices; £3.91 per resident; +16.6% on a year earlier in cash, +12.0% in real terms.

MHCLG Communities: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
New homes bonus Details for New homes bonus	£291m	£301m	£4.20	−4.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £301m Per resident £4.20 Real change on a year earlier −4.0% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (15) Details for Other programmes (15)	−£20m	−£21m	−£0.29	+67.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£21m Per resident −£0.29 Real change on a year earlier +67.2% Source HM Treasury

Welsh Assembly Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Wales’s population.

£2.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £2.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £816 per resident; +180.1% on a year earlier in cash, +169.1% in real terms.

Welsh Assembly Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Reserves Details for Reserves	£1.5bn	£1.5bn	£459	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.5bn Per resident £459 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury
Local govt - non domestic rates Details for Local govt - non domestic rates	£1.1bn	£1.2bn	£357	+17.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £357 Real change on a year earlier +17.8% Source HM Treasury

Department for Work and Pensions

£950m in 2024-25 (cash); £983m in 2025-26 prices; £13.71 per resident; −1.5% on a year earlier in cash, −5.4% in real terms.

Department for Work and Pensions: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Winter support grant Details for Winter support grant	£852m	£882m	£12.30	−5.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £882m Per resident £12.30 Real change on a year earlier −5.1% Source HM Treasury
Discretionary housing payments Details for Discretionary housing payments	£98m	£101m	£1.41	−7.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £101m Per resident £1.41 Real change on a year earlier −7.6% Source HM Treasury

Department for Transport

£322m in 2024-25 (cash); £333m in 2025-26 prices; £4.65 per resident; 0.0% on a year earlier in cash, −3.9% in real terms.

Department for Transport: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Local authority PFI schemes Details for Local authority PFI schemes	£322m	£333m	£4.65	−3.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £333m Per resident £4.65 Real change on a year earlier −3.9% Source HM Treasury

Education

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£125.7bn in 2025-26 (cash); £125.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,809 per resident; +2.2% on a year earlier in cash, −1.2% in real terms.

Education: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Department for Education Details for Department for Education	£163.9bn	£169.5bn	£2,366	+28.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £169.5bn Per resident £2,366 Real change on a year earlier +28.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Northern Ireland Executive Details for Northern Ireland Executive	£4.6bn	£4.7bn	£2,361	+0.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.7bn Per resident £2,361 Real change on a year earlier +0.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£4.0bn	£4.1bn	£717	−19.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.1bn Per resident £717 Real change on a year earlier −19.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£3.2bn	£3.4bn	£1,018	−2.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.4bn Per resident £1,018 Real change on a year earlier −2.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Details for Department for Science, Innovation and Technology	£2.8bn	£2.9bn	£40.75	−1.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.9bn Per resident £40.75 Real change on a year earlier −1.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (2) Details for Other departments (2)	£192m	£198m	£2.77	−0.9%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £198m Per resident £2.77 Real change on a year earlier −0.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	−£55.7bn	−£57.6bn	−£804	−123.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£57.6bn Per resident −£804 Real change on a year earlier −123.6% Source HM Treasury

Department for Education

£163.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £169.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £2,366 per resident; +33.4% on a year earlier in cash, +28.2% in real terms.

Department for Education: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Department for Education Details for Department for Education	£128.5bn	£132.9bn	£1,855	+4.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £132.9bn Per resident £1,855 Real change on a year earlier +4.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Academies Details for Academies	£40.5bn	£41.9bn	£584	+8.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £41.9bn Per resident £584 Real change on a year earlier +8.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Office for Students Details for Office for Students	£1.6bn	£1.6bn	£22.96	−4.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.6bn Per resident £22.96 Real change on a year earlier −4.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Student Loans Company Details for Student Loans Company	£310m	£321m	£4.48	−12.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £321m Per resident £4.48 Real change on a year earlier −12.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (7) Details for Other bodies (7)	−£7.0bn	−£7.2bn	−£101	+79.9%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£7.2bn Per resident −£101 Real change on a year earlier +79.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Department for Education

Department.

£128.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £132.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,855 per resident; +8.4% on a year earlier in cash, +4.2% in real terms.

Department for Education: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (89) Details for Other programmes (89)	£42.8bn	£44.3bn	£618	0.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £44.3bn Per resident £618 Real change on a year earlier 0.0% Source HM Treasury
Academies - pre 16 Details for Academies - pre 16	£28.1bn	£29.1bn	£406	+5.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £29.1bn Per resident £406 Real change on a year earlier +5.2% Source HM Treasury
Other student loans Details for Other student loans	£27.8bn	£28.7bn	£401	−0.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £28.7bn Per resident £401 Real change on a year earlier −0.7% Source HM Treasury
La - dedicated schools grant Details for La - dedicated schools grant	£16.9bn	£17.5bn	£244	−7.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £17.5bn Per resident £244 Real change on a year earlier −7.4% Source HM Treasury
Higher education miscellaneous Details for Higher education miscellaneous	£12.9bn	£13.4bn	£187	+70.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £13.4bn Per resident £187 Real change on a year earlier +70.6% Source HM Treasury

Academies

Arms length body.

£40.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £41.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £584 per resident; +13.1% on a year earlier in cash, +8.7% in real terms.

Academies: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
ESFA - academies - pre 16 Details for ESFA - academies - pre 16	£31.3bn	£32.4bn	£452	+5.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £32.4bn Per resident £452 Real change on a year earlier +5.1% Source HM Treasury
ESFA - academies - sixth forms Details for ESFA - academies - sixth forms	£7.7bn	£8.0bn	£112	+11.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £8.0bn Per resident £112 Real change on a year earlier +11.1% Source HM Treasury
Academy sector Details for Academy sector	£1.4bn	£1.5bn	£20.45	+201.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.5bn Per resident £20.45 Real change on a year earlier +201.2% Source HM Treasury

Office for Students

Arms length body.

£1.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.6bn in 2025-26 prices; £22.96 per resident; −1.0% on a year earlier in cash, −4.9% in real terms.

Office for Students: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Office for Students (ALB) Details for Office for Students (ALB)	£1.6bn	£1.6bn	£22.96	−4.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.6bn Per resident £22.96 Real change on a year earlier −4.9% Source HM Treasury

Student Loans Company

Arms length body.

£310m in 2024-25 (cash); £321m in 2025-26 prices; £4.48 per resident; −9.3% on a year earlier in cash, −12.8% in real terms.

Student Loans Company: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Student loans company Details for Student loans company	£313m	£324m	£4.52	−12.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £324m Per resident £4.52 Real change on a year earlier −12.1% Source HM Treasury
Office for Students (ALB) Details for Office for Students (ALB)	−£3m	−£3m	−£0.04	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£3m Per resident −£0.04 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury

Northern Ireland Executive

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Northern Ireland’s population.

£4.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £4.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £2,361 per resident; +5.0% on a year earlier in cash, +0.9% in real terms.

Northern Ireland Executive: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Secondary Details for Secondary	£1.6bn	£1.7bn	£854	+7.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.7bn Per resident £854 Real change on a year earlier +7.6% Source HM Treasury
Primary Details for Primary	£1.3bn	£1.3bn	£658	+2.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.3bn Per resident £658 Real change on a year earlier +2.9% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (6) Details for Other programmes (6)	£928m	£960m	£481	+10.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £960m Per resident £481 Real change on a year earlier +10.6% Source HM Treasury
Student support Details for Student support	£361m	£374m	£187	−32.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £374m Per resident £187 Real change on a year earlier −32.7% Source HM Treasury
Employment and skills - further education Details for Employment and skills - further education	£347m	£359m	£180	−6.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £359m Per resident £180 Real change on a year earlier −6.1% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£4.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £4.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £717 per resident; −16.4% on a year earlier in cash, −19.6% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Higher education funding Details for Higher education funding	£1.2bn	£1.2bn	£213	−8.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £213 Real change on a year earlier −8.8% Source HM Treasury
UK govt funded: student loans Details for UK govt funded: student loans	£898m	£928m	£162	+24.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £928m Per resident £162 Real change on a year earlier +24.6% Source HM Treasury
Further education colleges Details for Further education colleges	£832m	£861m	£150	+3.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £861m Per resident £150 Real change on a year earlier +3.7% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (12) Details for Other programmes (12)	£707m	£732m	£128	−60.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £732m Per resident £128 Real change on a year earlier −60.2% Source HM Treasury
National support for learning Details for National support for learning	£358m	£371m	£64.58	+1.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £371m Per resident £64.58 Real change on a year earlier +1.3% Source HM Treasury

Welsh Assembly Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Wales’s population.

£3.2bn in 2024-25 (cash); £3.4bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,018 per resident; +1.2% on a year earlier in cash, −2.7% in real terms.

Welsh Assembly Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Post 16 education Details for Post 16 education	£1.2bn	£1.2bn	£377	+12.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £377 Real change on a year earlier +12.6% Source HM Treasury
Student support Details for Student support	£814m	£842m	£256	−14.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £842m Per resident £256 Real change on a year earlier −14.4% Source HM Treasury
Education inclusion children Details for Education inclusion children	£563m	£583m	£177	+99.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £583m Per resident £177 Real change on a year earlier +99.7% Source HM Treasury
Other education Details for Other education	£394m	£407m	£124	+12.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £407m Per resident £124 Real change on a year earlier +12.5% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (7) Details for Other programmes (7)	£273m	£282m	£85.53	−60.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £282m Per resident £85.53 Real change on a year earlier −60.3% Source HM Treasury

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology

£2.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £2.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £40.75 per resident; +2.4% on a year earlier in cash, −1.6% in real terms.

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
UK Research and Innovation Details for UK Research and Innovation	£2.8bn	£2.9bn	£40.75	−1.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.9bn Per resident £40.75 Real change on a year earlier −1.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below

UK Research and Innovation

Arms length body.

£2.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £2.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £40.75 per resident; +2.5% on a year earlier in cash, −1.5% in real terms.

UK Research and Innovation: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Research England Details for Research England	£2.8bn	£2.9bn	£40.75	−1.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.9bn Per resident £40.75 Real change on a year earlier −1.5% Source HM Treasury

Economic affairs, including transport

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£94.0bn in 2025-26 (cash); £94.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,353 per resident; +6.8% on a year earlier in cash, +3.3% in real terms.

Economic affairs, including transport: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
HM Treasury Details for HM Treasury	£64.0bn	£66.2bn	£924	−24.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £66.2bn Per resident £924 Real change on a year earlier −24.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Transport Details for Department for Transport	£40.8bn	£42.2bn	£589	−10.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £42.2bn Per resident £589 Real change on a year earlier −10.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (15) Details for Other departments (15)	£14.0bn	£14.4bn	£201	−28.6%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.4bn Per resident £201 Real change on a year earlier −28.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
HM Revenue & Customs Details for HM Revenue Customs	£10.9bn	£11.3bn	£158	−18.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £11.3bn Per resident £158 Real change on a year earlier −18.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Details for Department for Science, Innovation and Technology	£10.5bn	£10.8bn	£151	+3.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £10.8bn Per resident £151 Real change on a year earlier +3.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£6.3bn	£6.5bn	£1,128	−0.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £6.5bn Per resident £1,128 Real change on a year earlier −0.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero Details for Department for Energy Security and Net Zero	£3.9bn	£4.0bn	£56.30	−47.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.0bn Per resident £56.30 Real change on a year earlier −47.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	−£62.4bn	−£64.5bn	−£900	+30.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£64.5bn Per resident −£900 Real change on a year earlier +30.2% Source HM Treasury

HM Treasury

£64.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £66.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £924 per resident; −21.6% on a year earlier in cash, −24.7% in real terms.

HM Treasury: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
HM Treasury Details for HM Treasury	£63.0bn	£65.1bn	£909	−25.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £65.1bn Per resident £909 Real change on a year earlier −25.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
National Wealth Fund Limited Details for National Wealth Fund Limited	£1.3bn	£1.3bn	£18.19	+95.0%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.3bn Per resident £18.19 Real change on a year earlier +95.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (7) Details for Other bodies (7)	−£207m	−£214m	−£2.99	+32.6%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£214m Per resident −£2.99 Real change on a year earlier +32.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

HM Treasury

Department.

£63.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £65.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £909 per resident; −22.6% on a year earlier in cash, −25.6% in real terms.

HM Treasury: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Financial assistance to other institutions Details for Financial assistance to other institutions	£71.0bn	£73.5bn	£1,025	−19.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £73.5bn Per resident £1,025 Real change on a year earlier −19.1% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (11) Details for Other programmes (11)	−£8.0bn	−£8.3bn	−£116	−159.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£8.3bn Per resident −£116 Real change on a year earlier −159.0% Source HM Treasury

National Wealth Fund Limited

Arms length body.

£1.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £18.19 per resident; +102.9% on a year earlier in cash, +95.0% in real terms.

National Wealth Fund Limited: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
National Wealth Fund Limited Details for National Wealth Fund Limited	£1.3bn	£1.3bn	£18.19	+95.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.3bn Per resident £18.19 Real change on a year earlier +95.0% Source HM Treasury

Department for Transport

£40.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £42.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £589 per resident; −7.2% on a year earlier in cash, −10.8% in real terms.

Department for Transport: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Network Rail Details for Network Rail	£17.9bn	£18.5bn	£258	−5.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £18.5bn Per resident £258 Real change on a year earlier −5.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Transport Details for Department for Transport	£8.9bn	£9.2bn	£129	−15.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £9.2bn Per resident £129 Real change on a year earlier −15.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
National Highways Details for National Highways	£7.0bn	£7.3bn	£102	−4.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £7.3bn Per resident £102 Real change on a year earlier −4.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
High Speed 2 Details for High Speed 2	£6.9bn	£7.2bn	£99.91	−22.0%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £7.2bn Per resident £99.91 Real change on a year earlier −22.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (8) Details for Other bodies (8)	£65m	£68m	£0.94	+27.1%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £68m Per resident £0.94 Real change on a year earlier +27.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Network Rail

Arms length body.

£17.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £18.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £258 per resident; −1.7% on a year earlier in cash, −5.5% in real terms.

Network Rail: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Network rail wide (ALB) Details for Network rail wide (ALB)	£10.9bn	£11.2bn	£157	−3.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £11.2bn Per resident £157 Real change on a year earlier −3.5% Source HM Treasury
Network rail e&w (ALB) Details for Network rail e w (ALB)	£7.0bn	£7.3bn	£101	−8.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £7.3bn Per resident £101 Real change on a year earlier −8.8% Source HM Treasury
Network rail scot (ALB) dept Details for Network rail scot (ALB) dept	−£3m	−£3m	−£0.04	+92.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£3m Per resident −£0.04 Real change on a year earlier +92.3% Source HM Treasury

Department for Transport

Department.

£8.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £9.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £129 per resident; −12.0% on a year earlier in cash, −15.4% in real terms.

Department for Transport: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (109) Details for Other programmes (109)	£3.9bn	£4.0bn	£55.82	−52.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.0bn Per resident £55.82 Real change on a year earlier −52.6% Source HM Treasury
Rail Markets North Details for Rail Markets North	£1.4bn	£1.4bn	£19.96	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.4bn Per resident £19.96 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury
Bus service operator grants Details for Bus service operator grants	£1.3bn	£1.3bn	£18.41	+11.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.3bn Per resident £18.41 Real change on a year earlier +11.1% Source HM Treasury
Transport development fund-other Details for Transport development fund-other	£1.3bn	£1.3bn	£18.12	+0.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.3bn Per resident £18.12 Real change on a year earlier +0.9% Source HM Treasury
Rail Markets South Details for Rail Markets South	£1.1bn	£1.2bn	£16.54	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £16.54 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury

National Highways

Arms length body.

£7.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £7.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £102 per resident; −0.7% on a year earlier in cash, −4.5% in real terms.

National Highways: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
National highways ALB capital programmes Details for National highways ALB capital programmes	£3.7bn	£3.8bn	£52.89	+2.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.8bn Per resident £52.89 Real change on a year earlier +2.2% Source HM Treasury
National highways ALB associated costs of investment Details for National highways ALB associated costs of investment	£1.8bn	£1.9bn	£26.26	−18.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.9bn Per resident £26.26 Real change on a year earlier −18.1% Source HM Treasury
National highways ALB making better use of the network Details for National highways ALB making better use of the network	£1.0bn	£1.0bn	£14.48	+8.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.0bn Per resident £14.48 Real change on a year earlier +8.1% Source HM Treasury
National highways ALB maintenance Details for National highways ALB maintenance	£305m	£316m	£4.40	−2.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £316m Per resident £4.40 Real change on a year earlier −2.2% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (4) Details for Other programmes (4)	£242m	£251m	£3.50	−24.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £251m Per resident £3.50 Real change on a year earlier −24.7% Source HM Treasury

High Speed 2

Arms length body.

£6.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £7.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £99.91 per resident; −18.8% on a year earlier in cash, −22.0% in real terms.

High Speed 2: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
High speed two ALB Details for High speed two ALB	£6.9bn	£7.2bn	£99.91	−22.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £7.2bn Per resident £99.91 Real change on a year earlier −22.0% Source HM Treasury

HM Revenue & Customs

£10.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £11.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £158 per resident; −15.5% on a year earlier in cash, −18.8% in real terms.

HM Revenue & Customs: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
R&D tax credits: above the line Details for R D tax credits: above the line	£4.7bn	£4.8bn	£67.64	−8.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.8bn Per resident £67.64 Real change on a year earlier −8.0% Source HM Treasury
Small companies R&D Details for Small companies R D	£3.0bn	£3.1bn	£42.78	−37.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.1bn Per resident £42.78 Real change on a year earlier −37.4% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (14) Details for Other programmes (14)	£1.7bn	£1.7bn	£23.86	+14.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.7bn Per resident £23.86 Real change on a year earlier +14.6% Source HM Treasury
Brexit - (R/F) Details for Brexit - (R/F)	£819m	£848m	£11.82	−13.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £848m Per resident £11.82 Real change on a year earlier −13.7% Source HM Treasury
High-end TV tax relief Details for High-end TV tax relief	£818m	£846m	£11.80	−35.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £846m Per resident £11.80 Real change on a year earlier −35.2% Source HM Treasury

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology

£10.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £10.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £151 per resident; +7.3% on a year earlier in cash, +3.1% in real terms.

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
UK Research and Innovation Details for UK Research and Innovation	£6.8bn	£7.0bn	£97.56	+1.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £7.0bn Per resident £97.56 Real change on a year earlier +1.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Details for Department for Science, Innovation and Technology	£3.5bn	£3.6bn	£50.76	+3.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.6bn Per resident £50.76 Real change on a year earlier +3.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (6) Details for Other bodies (6)	£189m	£195m	£2.73	+154.4%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £195m Per resident £2.73 Real change on a year earlier +154.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

UK Research and Innovation

Arms length body.

£6.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £7.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £97.56 per resident; +5.5% on a year earlier in cash, +1.4% in real terms.

UK Research and Innovation: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
UK research and innovation Details for UK research and innovation	£4.4bn	£4.6bn	£63.66	−1.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.6bn Per resident £63.66 Real change on a year earlier −1.8% Source HM Treasury
Innovate UK Details for Innovate UK	£1.3bn	£1.4bn	£18.87	+15.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.4bn Per resident £18.87 Real change on a year earlier +15.2% Source HM Treasury
STFC Details for STFC	£465m	£481m	£6.71	+7.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £481m Per resident £6.71 Real change on a year earlier +7.0% Source HM Treasury
EPSRC Details for EPSRC	£407m	£421m	£5.87	−11.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £421m Per resident £5.87 Real change on a year earlier −11.2% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (6) Details for Other programmes (6)	£170m	£175m	£2.45	+14.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £175m Per resident £2.45 Real change on a year earlier +14.6% Source HM Treasury

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology

Department.

£3.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £3.6bn in 2025-26 prices; £50.76 per resident; +7.3% on a year earlier in cash, +3.1% in real terms.

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (31) Details for Other programmes (31)	£1.4bn	£1.5bn	£20.78	−4.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.5bn Per resident £20.78 Real change on a year earlier −4.7% Source HM Treasury
Horizon and copernicus association Details for Horizon and copernicus association	£1.2bn	£1.2bn	£16.67	+4.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £16.67 Real change on a year earlier +4.7% Source HM Treasury
UK space agency Details for UK space agency	£610m	£631m	£8.81	−7.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £631m Per resident £8.81 Real change on a year earlier −7.5% Source HM Treasury
Building digital UK Details for Building digital UK	£312m	£323m	£4.50	+125.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £323m Per resident £4.50 Real change on a year earlier +125.9% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£6.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £6.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,128 per resident; +3.5% on a year earlier in cash, −0.5% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (35) Details for Other programmes (35)	£3.1bn	£3.2bn	£564	−3.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.2bn Per resident £564 Real change on a year earlier −3.3% Source HM Treasury
Scottish rail holdings Details for Scottish rail holdings	£1.0bn	£1.1bn	£187	+12.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.1bn Per resident £187 Real change on a year earlier +12.4% Source HM Treasury
Motorways & trunk roads Details for Motorways trunk roads	£1.0bn	£1.0bn	£181	+14.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.0bn Per resident £181 Real change on a year earlier +14.9% Source HM Treasury
Support for capital Details for Support for capital	£614m	£635m	£111	−19.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £635m Per resident £111 Real change on a year earlier −19.9% Source HM Treasury
EU programmes - cap Details for EU programmes - cap	£466m	£482m	£84.05	−4.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £482m Per resident £84.05 Real change on a year earlier −4.4% Source HM Treasury

Department for Energy Security and Net Zero

£3.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £4.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £56.30 per resident; −45.0% on a year earlier in cash, −47.1% in real terms.

Department for Energy Security and Net Zero: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Low Carbon Contracts Company Details for Low Carbon Contracts Company	£2.5bn	£2.6bn	£36.19	−40.0%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.6bn Per resident £36.19 Real change on a year earlier −40.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Sizewell C Limited Details for Sizewell C Limited	£1.7bn	£1.8bn	£24.95	+40.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.8bn Per resident £24.95 Real change on a year earlier +40.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (6) Details for Other bodies (6)	−£335m	−£347m	−£4.84	−117.0%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£347m Per resident −£4.84 Real change on a year earlier −117.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Low Carbon Contracts Company

Arms length body.

£2.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £2.6bn in 2025-26 prices; £36.19 per resident; −37.6% on a year earlier in cash, −40.0% in real terms.

Low Carbon Contracts Company: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Low carbon contracts company Details for Low carbon contracts company	£2.5bn	£2.6bn	£36.19	−40.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.6bn Per resident £36.19 Real change on a year earlier −40.0% Source HM Treasury

Sizewell C Limited

Arms length body.

£1.7bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £24.95 per resident; +46.6% on a year earlier in cash, +40.8% in real terms.

Sizewell C Limited: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Sizewell c genco Details for Sizewell c genco	£1.7bn	£1.8bn	£24.95	+40.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.8bn Per resident £24.95 Real change on a year earlier +40.8% Source HM Treasury

Defence

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£65.4bn in 2025-26 (cash); £65.4bn in 2025-26 prices; £941 per resident; +2.7% on a year earlier in cash, −0.8% in real terms.

Defence: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Ministry of Defence Details for Ministry of Defence	£71.0bn	£73.4bn	£1,025	+19.0%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £73.4bn Per resident £1,025 Real change on a year earlier +19.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	−£7.3bn	−£7.5bn	−£105	−1255.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£7.5bn Per resident −£105 Real change on a year earlier −1255.5% Source HM Treasury

Ministry of Defence

£71.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £73.4bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,025 per resident; +23.9% on a year earlier in cash, +19.0% in real terms.

Ministry of Defence: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Ministry of Defence Details for Ministry of Defence	£70.8bn	£73.2bn	£1,022	+19.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £73.2bn Per resident £1,022 Real change on a year earlier +19.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (7) Details for Other bodies (7)	£213m	£220m	£3.07	−11.2%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £220m Per resident £3.07 Real change on a year earlier −11.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Ministry of Defence

Department.

£70.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £73.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,022 per resident; +24.0% on a year earlier in cash, +19.2% in real terms.

Ministry of Defence: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (17) Details for Other programmes (17)	£31.3bn	£32.4bn	£452	+38.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £32.4bn Per resident £452 Real change on a year earlier +38.5% Source HM Treasury
Provision of defence capability service personnel Details for Provision of defence capability service personnel	£12.9bn	£13.4bn	£186	+5.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £13.4bn Per resident £186 Real change on a year earlier +5.4% Source HM Treasury
Defence Nuclear Enterprise Details for Defence Nuclear Enterprise	£10.9bn	£11.3bn	£157	+10.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £11.3bn Per resident £157 Real change on a year earlier +10.8% Source HM Treasury
Provision of defence capability depn and impairments Details for Provision of defence capability depn and impairments	£9.4bn	£9.8bn	£136	+7.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £9.8bn Per resident £136 Real change on a year earlier +7.8% Source HM Treasury
Provision of defence capability equipment support Details for Provision of defence capability equipment support	£6.2bn	£6.4bn	£89.44	+4.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £6.4bn Per resident £89.44 Real change on a year earlier +4.1% Source HM Treasury

Public order and safety

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£55.7bn in 2025-26 (cash); £55.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £802 per resident; +7.5% on a year earlier in cash, +3.9% in real terms.

Public order and safety: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Home Office Details for Home Office	£17.4bn	£18.0bn	£251	−13.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £18.0bn Per resident £251 Real change on a year earlier −13.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Ministry of Justice Details for Ministry of Justice	£14.3bn	£14.8bn	£207	+3.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.8bn Per resident £207 Real change on a year earlier +3.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	£12.1bn	£12.6bn	£175	+36.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £12.6bn Per resident £175 Real change on a year earlier +36.0% Source HM Treasury
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£4.2bn	£4.4bn	£764	+4.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.4bn Per resident £764 Real change on a year earlier +4.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Northern Ireland Executive Details for Northern Ireland Executive	£1.7bn	£1.8bn	£907	−8.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.8bn Per resident £907 Real change on a year earlier −8.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
The Crown Prosecution Service Details for The Crown Prosecution Service	£882m	£912m	£12.72	−0.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £912m Per resident £12.72 Real change on a year earlier −0.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
National Crime Agency Details for National Crime Agency	£856m	£885m	£12.35	−1.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £885m Per resident £12.35 Real change on a year earlier −1.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (7) Details for Other departments (7)	£215m	£223m	£3.11	+37.0%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £223m Per resident £3.11 Real change on a year earlier +37.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Home Office

£17.4bn in 2024-25 (cash); £18.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £251 per resident; −9.6% on a year earlier in cash, −13.2% in real terms.

Home Office: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Home Office Details for Home Office	£17.3bn	£17.8bn	£249	−13.3%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £17.8bn Per resident £249 Real change on a year earlier −13.3% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (6) Details for Other bodies (6)	£157m	£163m	£2.27	+13.7%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £163m Per resident £2.27 Real change on a year earlier +13.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Home Office

Department.

£17.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £17.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £249 per resident; −9.8% on a year earlier in cash, −13.3% in real terms.

Home Office: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Public Safety Group Details for Public Safety Group	£12.4bn	£12.8bn	£179	+2.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £12.8bn Per resident £179 Real change on a year earlier +2.8% Source HM Treasury
Asylum Support, Resettlement and Accommodation Details for Asylum Support, Resettlement and Accommodation	£4.5bn	£4.7bn	£65.46	−22.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.7bn Per resident £65.46 Real change on a year earlier −22.4% Source HM Treasury
Police Pensions Details for Police Pensions	£1.8bn	£1.9bn	£26.47	−19.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.9bn Per resident £26.47 Real change on a year earlier −19.3% Source HM Treasury
Homeland Security Group Details for Homeland Security Group	£1.6bn	£1.6bn	£22.97	+2.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.6bn Per resident £22.97 Real change on a year earlier +2.9% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (20) Details for Other programmes (20)	−£3.1bn	−£3.2bn	−£44.70	−70.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£3.2bn Per resident −£44.70 Real change on a year earlier −70.6% Source HM Treasury

Ministry of Justice

£14.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £14.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £207 per resident; +7.7% on a year earlier in cash, +3.5% in real terms.

Ministry of Justice: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Ministry of Justice Details for Ministry of Justice	£14.0bn	£14.5bn	£202	+3.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.5bn Per resident £202 Real change on a year earlier +3.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (8) Details for Other bodies (8)	£343m	£355m	£4.95	+5.9%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £355m Per resident £4.95 Real change on a year earlier +5.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Ministry of Justice

Department.

£14.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £14.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £202 per resident; +7.6% on a year earlier in cash, +3.4% in real terms.

Ministry of Justice: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
HMPPS centrally managed Details for HMPPS centrally managed	£6.7bn	£7.0bn	£97.02	+3.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £7.0bn Per resident £97.02 Real change on a year earlier +3.8% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (27) Details for Other programmes (27)	£2.6bn	£2.7bn	£37.68	+5.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.7bn Per resident £37.68 Real change on a year earlier +5.0% Source HM Treasury
HMCTS central Details for HMCTS central	£1.8bn	£1.8bn	£25.68	−32.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.8bn Per resident £25.68 Real change on a year earlier −32.4% Source HM Treasury
Chief operating officer group core Details for Chief operating officer group core	£1.7bn	£1.7bn	£24.30	+142.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.7bn Per resident £24.30 Real change on a year earlier +142.0% Source HM Treasury
Legal aid agency fund - criminal Details for Legal aid agency fund - criminal	£1.2bn	£1.2bn	£17.03	−3.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £17.03 Real change on a year earlier −3.4% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£4.2bn in 2024-25 (cash); £4.4bn in 2025-26 prices; £764 per resident; +8.8% on a year earlier in cash, +4.5% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Scottish police authority Details for Scottish police authority	£2.1bn	£2.2bn	£375	+2.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.2bn Per resident £375 Real change on a year earlier +2.1% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (16) Details for Other programmes (16)	£1.0bn	£1.0bn	£182	+3.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.0bn Per resident £182 Real change on a year earlier +3.7% Source HM Treasury
Prisons Details for Prisons	£624m	£646m	£113	+14.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £646m Per resident £113 Real change on a year earlier +14.0% Source HM Treasury
Scottish fire & rescue service Details for Scottish fire rescue service	£523m	£541m	£94.21	+5.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £541m Per resident £94.21 Real change on a year earlier +5.3% Source HM Treasury

Northern Ireland Executive

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Northern Ireland’s population.

£1.7bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £907 per resident; −4.8% on a year earlier in cash, −8.5% in real terms.

Northern Ireland Executive: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Policing and community safety Details for Policing and community safety	£1.1bn	£1.1bn	£574	−8.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.1bn Per resident £574 Real change on a year earlier −8.2% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (6) Details for Other programmes (6)	£641m	£663m	£332	−9.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £663m Per resident £332 Real change on a year earlier −9.0% Source HM Treasury

The Crown Prosecution Service

£882m in 2024-25 (cash); £912m in 2025-26 prices; £12.72 per resident; +3.6% on a year earlier in cash, −0.5% in real terms.

The Crown Prosecution Service: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Internal direct prosecution costs Details for Internal direct prosecution costs	£606m	£627m	£8.74	−2.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £627m Per resident £8.74 Real change on a year earlier −2.5% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (2) Details for Other programmes (2)	£276m	£285m	£3.98	+4.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £285m Per resident £3.98 Real change on a year earlier +4.2% Source HM Treasury

National Crime Agency

£856m in 2024-25 (cash); £885m in 2025-26 prices; £12.35 per resident; +2.4% on a year earlier in cash, −1.6% in real terms.

National Crime Agency: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
National crime agency Details for National crime agency	£856m	£885m	£12.35	−1.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £885m Per resident £12.35 Real change on a year earlier −1.6% Source HM Treasury

General public services, excluding debt interest

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£35.2bn in 2025-26 (cash); £35.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £507 per resident; +4.5% on a year earlier in cash, +1.0% in real terms.

General public services, excluding debt interest: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Cabinet Office Details for Cabinet Office	£15.8bn	£16.3bn	£228	+1065.3%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £16.3bn Per resident £228 Real change on a year earlier +1065.3% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£14.4bn	£14.9bn	£2,605	+5.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £14.9bn Per resident £2,605 Real change on a year earlier +5.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office Details for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office	£12.5bn	£12.9bn	£181	−0.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £12.9bn Per resident £181 Real change on a year earlier −0.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (28) Details for Other departments (28)	£5.9bn	£6.1bn	£84.77	+134.9%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £6.1bn Per resident £84.77 Real change on a year earlier +134.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£5.7bn	£5.9bn	£1,798	+1.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £5.9bn Per resident £1,798 Real change on a year earlier +1.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
HM Revenue & Customs Details for HM Revenue Customs	£5.6bn	£5.8bn	£80.39	+1.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £5.8bn Per resident £80.39 Real change on a year earlier +1.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government Details for Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government	£1.6bn	£1.7bn	£23.58	+61.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.7bn Per resident £23.58 Real change on a year earlier +61.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	−£27.8bn	−£28.8bn	−£402	−539.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£28.8bn Per resident −£402 Real change on a year earlier −539.7% Source HM Treasury

Cabinet Office

£15.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £16.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £228 per resident; +1112.6% on a year earlier in cash, +1065.3% in real terms.

Cabinet Office: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Infected Blood Compensation Authority Details for Infected Blood Compensation Authority	£14.8bn	£15.3bn	£213	—	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £15.3bn Per resident £213 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Cabinet Office Details for Cabinet Office	£1.0bn	£1.1bn	£14.81	−24.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.1bn Per resident £14.81 Real change on a year earlier −24.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (3) Details for Other bodies (3)	not published	not published	—	—	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) not published Per resident — Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Infected Blood Compensation Authority

Arms length body.

£14.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £15.3bn in 2025-26 prices; £213 per resident.

Infected Blood Compensation Authority: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
XO10IBC9- Infected Blood Compensation Authority Details for XO10IBC9- Infected Blood Compensation Authority	£14.8bn	£15.3bn	£213	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £15.3bn Per resident £213 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury

Cabinet Office

Department.

£1.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £14.81 per resident; −21.2% on a year earlier in cash, −24.2% in real terms.

Cabinet Office: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (12) Details for Other programmes (12)	£416m	£430m	£6.00	−8.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £430m Per resident £6.00 Real change on a year earlier −8.3% Source HM Treasury
Government Property Agency Details for Government Property Agency	£338m	£350m	£4.88	−46.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £350m Per resident £4.88 Real change on a year earlier −46.1% Source HM Treasury
Support the design and implementation of the GovernmentÆs and the Prime MinisterÆs priorities Details for Support the design and implementation of the GovernmentÆs and the Prime MinisterÆs priorities	£273m	£282m	£3.93	−0.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £282m Per resident £3.93 Real change on a year earlier −0.6% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£14.4bn in 2024-25 (cash); £14.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £2,605 per resident; +9.4% on a year earlier in cash, +5.1% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
General resource grant Details for General resource grant	£10.3bn	£10.7bn	£1,859	+10.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £10.7bn Per resident £1,859 Real change on a year earlier +10.9% Source HM Treasury
Non domestic rates Details for Non domestic rates	£3.1bn	£3.2bn	£553	−3.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.2bn Per resident £553 Real change on a year earlier −3.2% Source HM Treasury
Administration Details for Administration	£777m	£804m	£140	−11.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £804m Per resident £140 Real change on a year earlier −11.6% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (15) Details for Other programmes (15)	£289m	£299m	£52.08	−27.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £299m Per resident £52.08 Real change on a year earlier −27.9% Source HM Treasury

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

£12.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £12.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £181 per resident; +3.4% on a year earlier in cash, −0.7% in real terms.

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office Details for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office	£12.5bn	£12.9bn	£180	−0.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £12.9bn Per resident £180 Real change on a year earlier −0.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (6) Details for Other bodies (6)	£44m	£45m	£0.63	+5.6%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £45m Per resident £0.63 Real change on a year earlier +5.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

Department.

£12.5bn in 2024-25 (cash); £12.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £180 per resident; +3.3% on a year earlier in cash, −0.7% in real terms.

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Regional bilateral programmes Details for Regional bilateral programmes	£3.9bn	£4.0bn	£56.21	+114.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.0bn Per resident £56.21 Real change on a year earlier +114.5% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (78) Details for Other programmes (78)	£3.0bn	£3.1bn	£43.70	+15.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.1bn Per resident £43.70 Real change on a year earlier +15.8% Source HM Treasury
Core multilateral programmes Details for Core multilateral programmes	£2.6bn	£2.7bn	£37.46	−49.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.7bn Per resident £37.46 Real change on a year earlier −49.5% Source HM Treasury
Other central group Details for Other central group	£1.7bn	£1.8bn	£24.84	−27.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.8bn Per resident £24.84 Real change on a year earlier −27.2% Source HM Treasury
Centrally managed programmes Details for Centrally managed programmes	£1.2bn	£1.3bn	£17.73	+96.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.3bn Per resident £17.73 Real change on a year earlier +96.3% Source HM Treasury

Welsh Assembly Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Wales’s population.

£5.7bn in 2024-25 (cash); £5.9bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,798 per resident; +5.8% on a year earlier in cash, +1.7% in real terms.

Welsh Assembly Government: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£5.6bn	£5.8bn	£1,771	+1.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £5.8bn Per resident £1,771 Real change on a year earlier +1.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (3) Details for Other bodies (3)	£88m	£91m	£27.62	+7.6%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £91m Per resident £27.62 Real change on a year earlier +7.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Welsh Assembly Government

Devolved administration.

£5.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £5.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £1,771 per resident; +5.7% on a year earlier in cash, +1.6% in real terms.

Welsh Assembly Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Local government funding Details for Local government funding	£5.3bn	£5.4bn	£1,648	−1.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £5.4bn Per resident £1,648 Real change on a year earlier −1.3% Source HM Treasury
Central running costs Details for Central running costs	£335m	£347m	£105	+95.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £347m Per resident £105 Real change on a year earlier +95.6% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (6) Details for Other programmes (6)	£57m	£59m	£17.94	−5.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £59m Per resident £17.94 Real change on a year earlier −5.1% Source HM Treasury

HM Revenue & Customs

£5.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £5.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £80.39 per resident; +5.6% on a year earlier in cash, +1.4% in real terms.

HM Revenue & Customs: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
All lines of business Details for All lines of business	£4.1bn	£4.2bn	£58.75	−3.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.2bn Per resident £58.75 Real change on a year earlier −3.7% Source HM Treasury
Additional Tax Revenue (R/F) Details for Additional Tax Revenue (R/F)	£1.1bn	£1.1bn	£15.43	+12.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.1bn Per resident £15.43 Real change on a year earlier +12.5% Source HM Treasury
Central HMRC spending Details for Central HMRC spending	£402m	£416m	£5.81	+34.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £416m Per resident £5.81 Real change on a year earlier +34.2% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (6) Details for Other programmes (6)	£28m	£29m	£0.41	+129.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £29m Per resident £0.41 Real change on a year earlier +129.1% Source HM Treasury

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government

£1.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £23.58 per resident; +68.0% on a year earlier in cash, +61.4% in real terms.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
MHCLG Communities Details for MHCLG Communities	£1.6bn	£1.7bn	£23.32	+62.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.7bn Per resident £23.32 Real change on a year earlier +62.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (2) Details for Other bodies (2)	£18m	£19m	£0.26	−0.8%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £19m Per resident £0.26 Real change on a year earlier −0.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

MHCLG Communities

Department.

£1.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £23.32 per resident; +69.2% on a year earlier in cash, +62.6% in real terms.

MHCLG Communities: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Levelling up fund Details for Levelling up fund	£807m	£835m	£11.64	+46.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £835m Per resident £11.64 Real change on a year earlier +46.7% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (43) Details for Other programmes (43)	£546m	£565m	£7.88	+211.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £565m Per resident £7.88 Real change on a year earlier +211.9% Source HM Treasury
Central administration Details for Central administration	£263m	£272m	£3.79	−2.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £272m Per resident £3.79 Real change on a year earlier −2.3% Source HM Treasury

Housing and community amenities

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£22.5bn in 2025-26 (cash); £22.5bn in 2025-26 prices; £324 per resident; +3.7% on a year earlier in cash, +0.2% in real terms.

Housing and community amenities: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government Details for Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government	£9.3bn	£9.7bn	£135	+22.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £9.7bn Per resident £135 Real change on a year earlier +22.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	£8.2bn	£8.5bn	£119	+569.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £8.5bn Per resident £119 Real change on a year earlier +569.3% Source HM Treasury
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£1.3bn	£1.4bn	£243	−6.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.4bn Per resident £243 Real change on a year earlier −6.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Northern Ireland Executive Details for Northern Ireland Executive	£1.1bn	£1.2bn	£583	−2.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £583 Real change on a year earlier −2.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£1.1bn	£1.2bn	£351	−2.1%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £351 Real change on a year earlier −2.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Culture, Media and Sport Details for Department for Culture, Media and Sport	£276m	£285m	£3.98	+20.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £285m Per resident £3.98 Real change on a year earlier +20.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (5) Details for Other departments (5)	£251m	£259m	£3.62	−97.2%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £259m Per resident £3.62 Real change on a year earlier −97.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government

£9.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £9.7bn in 2025-26 prices; £135 per resident; +27.6% on a year earlier in cash, +22.7% in real terms.

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
MHCLG Communities Details for MHCLG Communities	£5.4bn	£5.6bn	£78.61	+15.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £5.6bn Per resident £78.61 Real change on a year earlier +15.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Homes England Details for Homes England	£3.8bn	£4.0bn	£55.16	+36.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.0bn Per resident £55.16 Real change on a year earlier +36.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (5) Details for Other bodies (5)	£68m	£71m	£0.99	−18.4%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £71m Per resident £0.99 Real change on a year earlier −18.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

MHCLG Communities

Department.

£5.4bn in 2024-25 (cash); £5.6bn in 2025-26 prices; £78.61 per resident; +19.9% on a year earlier in cash, +15.2% in real terms.

MHCLG Communities: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (149) Details for Other programmes (149)	£2.7bn	£2.8bn	£39.07	−11.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.8bn Per resident £39.07 Real change on a year earlier −11.6% Source HM Treasury
UK shared prosperity fund Details for UK shared prosperity fund	£1.4bn	£1.5bn	£20.84	+128.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.5bn Per resident £20.84 Real change on a year earlier +128.6% Source HM Treasury
GLA-affordable homes programme (2021-2026 prog) Details for GLA-affordable homes programme (2021-2026 prog)	£532m	£551m	£7.68	+109.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £551m Per resident £7.68 Real change on a year earlier +109.8% Source HM Treasury
Homelessness prevention grant Details for Homelessness prevention grant	£443m	£459m	£6.40	−1.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £459m Per resident £6.40 Real change on a year earlier −1.4% Source HM Treasury
Devolution deals Details for Devolution deals	£320m	£331m	£4.62	−3.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £331m Per resident £4.62 Real change on a year earlier −3.8% Source HM Treasury

Homes England

Arms length body.

£3.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £4.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £55.16 per resident; +42.1% on a year earlier in cash, +36.5% in real terms.

Homes England: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Hca-affordable homes 2021-26 programme Details for Hca-affordable homes 2021-26 programme	£2.4bn	£2.5bn	£35.21	+17.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.5bn Per resident £35.21 Real change on a year earlier +17.6% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (50) Details for Other programmes (50)	£746m	£771m	£10.76	+198.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £771m Per resident £10.76 Real change on a year earlier +198.7% Source HM Treasury
Hca - housing infrastructure fund Details for Hca - housing infrastructure fund	£637m	£659m	£9.19	+34.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £659m Per resident £9.19 Real change on a year earlier +34.1% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£1.3bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.4bn in 2025-26 prices; £243 per resident; −2.3% on a year earlier in cash, −6.1% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Scottish water capital (pc own spending) Details for Scottish water capital (pc own spending)	£782m	£808m	£141	+45.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £808m Per resident £141 Real change on a year earlier +45.6% Source HM Treasury
Housing & regeneration programmes Details for Housing regeneration programmes	£445m	£461m	£80.26	−32.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £461m Per resident £80.26 Real change on a year earlier −32.0% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (7) Details for Other programmes (7)	£122m	£126m	£21.90	−50.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £126m Per resident £21.90 Real change on a year earlier −50.3% Source HM Treasury

Northern Ireland Executive

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Northern Ireland’s population.

£1.1bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £583 per resident; +1.2% on a year earlier in cash, −2.8% in real terms.

Northern Ireland Executive: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Northern Ireland Executive Details for Northern Ireland Executive	£1.1bn	£1.1bn	£576	−4.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.1bn Per resident £576 Real change on a year earlier −4.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Northern Ireland Housing Executive Details for Northern Ireland Housing Executive	£14m	£15m	£7.47	+1031.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £15m Per resident £7.47 Real change on a year earlier +1031.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below

Northern Ireland Executive

Devolved administration.

£1.1bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £576 per resident; −0.3% on a year earlier in cash, −4.2% in real terms.

Northern Ireland Executive: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Water and sewerage Details for Water and sewerage	£628m	£649m	£326	−4.6%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £649m Per resident £326 Real change on a year earlier −4.6% Source HM Treasury
Housing Details for Housing	£378m	£391m	£196	+3.2%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £391m Per resident £196 Real change on a year earlier +3.2% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (4) Details for Other programmes (4)	£104m	£108m	£53.98	−22.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £108m Per resident £53.98 Real change on a year earlier −22.3% Source HM Treasury

Northern Ireland Housing Executive

Public corporation.

£14m in 2024-25 (cash); £15m in 2025-26 prices; £7.47 per resident; +1060.7% on a year earlier in cash, +1031.7% in real terms.

Northern Ireland Housing Executive: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Housing pc capital expenditure Details for Housing pc capital expenditure	£14m	£15m	£7.47	+1031.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £15m Per resident £7.47 Real change on a year earlier +1031.7% Source HM Treasury

Welsh Assembly Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Wales’s population.

£1.1bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £351 per resident; +1.8% on a year earlier in cash, −2.1% in real terms.

Welsh Assembly Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Housing supply Details for Housing supply	£532m	£551m	£167	−13.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £551m Per resident £167 Real change on a year earlier −13.8% Source HM Treasury
Housing quality Details for Housing quality	£380m	£394m	£119	+17.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £394m Per resident £119 Real change on a year earlier +17.7% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (7) Details for Other programmes (7)	£205m	£212m	£64.40	+1.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £212m Per resident £64.40 Real change on a year earlier +1.7% Source HM Treasury

Department for Culture, Media and Sport

£276m in 2024-25 (cash); £285m in 2025-26 prices; £3.98 per resident; +25.5% on a year earlier in cash, +20.6% in real terms.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Other bodies (2) Details for Other bodies (2)	£276m	£285m	£3.98	+20.6%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £285m Per resident £3.98 Real change on a year earlier +20.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Environment protection

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£19.2bn in 2025-26 (cash); £19.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £276 per resident; +11.0% on a year earlier in cash, +7.3% in real terms.

Environment protection: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero Details for Department for Energy Security and Net Zero	£11.8bn	£12.2bn	£171	+180.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £12.2bn Per resident £171 Real change on a year earlier +180.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Details for Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs	£3.0bn	£3.1bn	£43.66	−6.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £3.1bn Per resident £43.66 Real change on a year earlier −6.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	£1.1bn	£1.2bn	£16.13	−95.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £16.13 Real change on a year earlier −95.8% Source HM Treasury
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£596m	£616m	£107	+5.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £616m Per resident £107 Real change on a year earlier +5.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other departments (5) Details for Other departments (5)	£422m	£437m	£6.09	+1.8%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £437m Per resident £6.09 Real change on a year earlier +1.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£325m	£336m	£102	−2.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £336m Per resident £102 Real change on a year earlier −2.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below

Department for Energy Security and Net Zero

£11.8bn in 2024-25 (cash); £12.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £171 per resident; +183.9% on a year earlier in cash, +180.6% in real terms.

Department for Energy Security and Net Zero: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Details for Nuclear Decommissioning Authority	£9.7bn	£10.0bn	£140	+164.7%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £10.0bn Per resident £140 Real change on a year earlier +164.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero Details for Department for Energy Security and Net Zero	£1.1bn	£1.2bn	£16.50	+114.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.2bn Per resident £16.50 Real change on a year earlier +114.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Details for United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority	£391m	£404m	£5.64	+33.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £404m Per resident £5.64 Real change on a year earlier +33.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Net Zero North Sea Storage Limited Details for Net Zero North Sea Storage Limited	£354m	£366m	£5.11	—	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £366m Per resident £5.11 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (3) Details for Other bodies (3)	£233m	£241m	£3.36	+145.8%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £241m Per resident £3.36 Real change on a year earlier +145.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Nuclear Decommissioning Authority

Arms length body.

£9.7bn in 2024-25 (cash); £10.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £140 per resident; +167.3% on a year earlier in cash, +164.7% in real terms.

Nuclear Decommissioning Authority: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Nuclear decommissioning authority Details for Nuclear decommissioning authority	£9.7bn	£10.0bn	£140	+164.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £10.0bn Per resident £140 Real change on a year earlier +164.7% Source HM Treasury

Department for Energy Security and Net Zero

Department.

£1.1bn in 2024-25 (cash); £1.2bn in 2025-26 prices; £16.50 per resident; +122.9% on a year earlier in cash, +114.2% in real terms.

Department for Energy Security and Net Zero: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Net zero buildings and heat Details for Net zero buildings and heat	£1.4bn	£1.5bn	£20.27	+82.7%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.5bn Per resident £20.27 Real change on a year earlier +82.7% Source HM Treasury
International climate fund Details for International climate fund	£406m	£420m	£5.86	+6.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £420m Per resident £5.86 Real change on a year earlier +6.5% Source HM Treasury
Deliver secure energy on the way to a low carbon energy future Details for Deliver secure energy on the way to a low carbon energy future	£363m	£375m	£5.24	+8.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £375m Per resident £5.24 Real change on a year earlier +8.8% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (13) Details for Other programmes (13)	−£1.0bn	−£1.1bn	−£14.87	−8.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) −£1.1bn Per resident −£14.87 Real change on a year earlier −8.4% Source HM Treasury

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

Arms length body.

£391m in 2024-25 (cash); £404m in 2025-26 prices; £5.64 per resident; +39.3% on a year earlier in cash, +33.9% in real terms.

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
UKAEA Details for UKAEA	£391m	£404m	£5.64	+33.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £404m Per resident £5.64 Real change on a year earlier +33.9% Source HM Treasury

Net Zero North Sea Storage Limited

Arms length body.

£354m in 2024-25 (cash); £366m in 2025-26 prices; £5.11 per resident.

Net Zero North Sea Storage Limited: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Ccus t&s co net zero north sea storage (nep) Details for Ccus t s co net zero north sea storage (nep)	£354m	£366m	£5.11	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £366m Per resident £5.11 Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

£3.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £3.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £43.66 per resident; −2.3% on a year earlier in cash, −6.2% in real terms.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Environment Agency Details for Environment Agency	£2.0bn	£2.1bn	£28.63	−2.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £2.1bn Per resident £28.63 Real change on a year earlier −2.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Details for Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs	£720m	£745m	£10.40	−15.4%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £745m Per resident £10.40 Real change on a year earlier −15.4% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Natural England Details for Natural England	£273m	£282m	£3.93	−2.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £282m Per resident £3.93 Real change on a year earlier −2.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (4) Details for Other bodies (4)	£48m	£50m	£0.69	−25.5%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £50m Per resident £0.69 Real change on a year earlier −25.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Environment Agency

Arms length body.

£2.0bn in 2024-25 (cash); £2.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £28.63 per resident; +1.8% on a year earlier in cash, −2.2% in real terms.

Environment Agency: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Sawdg arms length bodies - ea (flood) Details for Sawdg arms length bodies - ea (flood)	£1.7bn	£1.8bn	£24.49	+0.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.8bn Per resident £24.49 Real change on a year earlier +0.9% Source HM Treasury
Sawdg arms length bodies - ea (ep) Details for Sawdg arms length bodies - ea (ep)	£288m	£297m	£4.15	−16.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £297m Per resident £4.15 Real change on a year earlier −16.9% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (2) Details for Other programmes (2)	not published	not published	—	—	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) not published Per resident — Real change on a year earlier — Source HM Treasury

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

Department.

£720m in 2024-25 (cash); £745m in 2025-26 prices; £10.40 per resident; −11.9% on a year earlier in cash, −15.4% in real terms.

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Other programmes (13) Details for Other programmes (13)	£466m	£482m	£6.72	−20.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £482m Per resident £6.72 Real change on a year earlier −20.4% Source HM Treasury
Natural environment, trees & landscapes directorate Details for Natural environment, trees landscapes directorate	£255m	£263m	£3.67	−4.1%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £263m Per resident £3.67 Real change on a year earlier −4.1% Source HM Treasury

Natural England

Arms length body.

£273m in 2024-25 (cash); £282m in 2025-26 prices; £3.93 per resident; +1.5% on a year earlier in cash, −2.5% in real terms.

Natural England: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Erm arms lengths bodies directorate - ne Details for Erm arms lengths bodies directorate - ne	£273m	£282m	£3.93	−7.3%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £282m Per resident £3.93 Real change on a year earlier −7.3% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£596m in 2024-25 (cash); £616m in 2025-26 prices; £107 per resident; +10.0% on a year earlier in cash, +5.7% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source
Environmental protection Details for Environmental protection	£343m	£355m	£61.82	+19.4%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £355m Per resident £61.82 Real change on a year earlier +19.4% Source HM Treasury
Other programmes (9) Details for Other programmes (9)	£253m	£261m	£45.54	−8.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £261m Per resident £45.54 Real change on a year earlier −8.5% Source HM Treasury

Welsh Assembly Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Wales’s population.

£325m in 2024-25 (cash); £336m in 2025-26 prices; £102 per resident; +1.3% on a year earlier in cash, −2.7% in real terms.

Welsh Assembly Government: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Other programmes (6) Details for Other programmes (6)	£325m	£336m	£102	−2.7%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £336m Per resident £102 Real change on a year earlier −2.7% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Recreation, culture and religion

PESA, total managed expenditure basis. The departments below are from OSCAR (resource and capital, DEL and AME) for 2020-21 to 2024-25.

£15.1bn in 2025-26 (cash); £15.1bn in 2025-26 prices; £217 per resident; +11.0% on a year earlier in cash, +7.3% in real terms.

Recreation, culture and religion: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Department for Culture, Media and Sport Details for Department for Culture, Media and Sport	£6.6bn	£6.8bn	£95.51	−7.2%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £6.8bn Per resident £95.51 Real change on a year earlier −7.2% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently Details for Difference from PESA: not in central government’s budgets, or counted differently	£6.0bn	£6.2bn	£86.84	+11.0%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £6.2bn Per resident £86.84 Real change on a year earlier +11.0% Source HM Treasury
Other departments (5) Details for Other departments (5)	£631m	£652m	£9.10	+1.1%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £652m Per resident £9.10 Real change on a year earlier +1.1% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£336m	£348m	£60.60	−6.6%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £348m Per resident £60.60 Real change on a year earlier −6.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below

Department for Culture, Media and Sport

£6.6bn in 2024-25 (cash); £6.8bn in 2025-26 prices; £95.51 per resident; −3.4% on a year earlier in cash, −7.2% in real terms.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Bristish Broadcasting Corporation Details for Bristish Broadcasting Corporation	£3.9bn	£4.0bn	£56.15	−4.9%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.0bn Per resident £56.15 Real change on a year earlier −4.9% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Other bodies (37) Details for Other bodies (37)	£1.8bn	£1.9bn	£26.08	−13.0%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £1.9bn Per resident £26.08 Real change on a year earlier −13.0% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Arts Council Details for Arts Council	£582m	£602m	£8.40	+1.8%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £602m Per resident £8.40 Real change on a year earlier +1.8% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below
Heritage Lottery Fund Details for Heritage Lottery Fund	£338m	£349m	£4.87	−13.5%	HM Treasury	Broken down below
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £349m Per resident £4.87 Real change on a year earlier −13.5% Source HM Treasury Below this Broken down below

Bristish Broadcasting Corporation

Arms length body.

£3.9bn in 2024-25 (cash); £4.0bn in 2025-26 prices; £56.15 per resident; −1.0% on a year earlier in cash, −4.9% in real terms.

Bristish Broadcasting Corporation: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
BBC Details for BBC	£3.9bn	£4.0bn	£56.15	−4.9%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £4.0bn Per resident £56.15 Real change on a year earlier −4.9% Source HM Treasury

Arts Council

Arms length body.

£582m in 2024-25 (cash); £602m in 2025-26 prices; £8.40 per resident; +6.0% on a year earlier in cash, +1.8% in real terms.

Arts Council: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Arts bodies Details for Arts bodies	£582m	£602m	£8.40	+1.8%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £602m Per resident £8.40 Real change on a year earlier +1.8% Source HM Treasury

Heritage Lottery Fund

Arms length body.

£338m in 2024-25 (cash); £349m in 2025-26 prices; £4.87 per resident; −9.9% on a year earlier in cash, −13.5% in real terms.

Heritage Lottery Fund: by line or transaction, 2024-25
Line or transaction	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Lottery grants - heritage Details for Lottery grants - heritage	£338m	£349m	£4.87	−13.5%	HM Treasury
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £349m Per resident £4.87 Real change on a year earlier −13.5% Source HM Treasury

Scottish Government

A devolved administration: per resident divides by Scotland’s population.

£336m in 2024-25 (cash); £348m in 2025-26 prices; £60.60 per resident; −2.8% on a year earlier in cash, −6.6% in real terms.

Scottish Government: by department or service body, 2024-25
Department or service body	Cash, 2024-25	Real terms (2025-26 prices)	Per resident	Real change on a year earlier	Source	Below this
Other programmes (8) Details for Other programmes (8)	£336m	£348m	£60.60	−6.6%	HM Treasury	Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.
Real terms (2025-26 prices) £348m Per resident £60.60 Real change on a year earlier −6.6% Source HM Treasury Below this Local body not published: Grouped here to keep the breakdown readable; OSCAR lists each one with its programmes.

Cash is as published. Real terms are in 2025-26 prices, using HM Treasury’s GDP deflator. Per resident divides by ONS mid-year population for the area the body serves. Changes compare the same body in consecutive years.

Every department group, 2024-25

Central government department groups by spending on OSCAR, 2024-25 (DEL plus AME)
Department group	Total	Set in advance (DEL)	Demand-led (AME)	Bodies	Mostly
Department for Work and Pensions Details for Department for Work and Pensions	£297.9bn	£9.9bn	£287.9bn	5	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £9.9bn Demand-led (AME) £287.9bn Bodies 5 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Department of Health (NHS) Details for Department of Health (NHS)	£214.2bn	£209.6bn	£4.6bn	15	Health
Set in advance (DEL) £209.6bn Demand-led (AME) £4.6bn Bodies 15 Mostly Health
Department for Education Details for Department for Education	£138.3bn	£109.8bn	£28.5bn	13	Education
Set in advance (DEL) £109.8bn Demand-led (AME) £28.5bn Bodies 13 Mostly Education
Ministry of Defence Details for Ministry of Defence	£71.7bn	£65.2bn	£6.5bn	10	Defence
Set in advance (DEL) £65.2bn Demand-led (AME) £6.5bn Bodies 10 Mostly Defence
HM Treasury Details for HM Treasury	£65.1bn	£1.1bn	£64.0bn	10	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £1.1bn Demand-led (AME) £64.0bn Bodies 10 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
Scottish Government Details for Scottish Government	£61.1bn	£31.6bn	£29.6bn	1	Health
Set in advance (DEL) £31.6bn Demand-led (AME) £29.6bn Bodies 1 Mostly Health
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government Details for Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government	£46.2bn	£23.3bn	£22.8bn	10	Not assigned to a function in OSCAR
Set in advance (DEL) £23.3bn Demand-led (AME) £22.8bn Bodies 10 Mostly Not assigned to a function in OSCAR
Department for Transport Details for Department for Transport	£41.2bn	£39.2bn	£2.0bn	12	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £39.2bn Demand-led (AME) £2.0bn Bodies 12 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
HM Revenue & Customs Details for HM Revenue & Customs	£34.3bn	£6.6bn	£27.8bn	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £6.6bn Demand-led (AME) £27.8bn Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Northern Ireland Executive Details for Northern Ireland Executive	£33.2bn	£18.2bn	£15.0bn	5	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £18.2bn Demand-led (AME) £15.0bn Bodies 5 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Welsh Assembly Government Details for Welsh Assembly Government	£27.8bn	£21.5bn	£6.3bn	4	Health
Set in advance (DEL) £21.5bn Demand-led (AME) £6.3bn Bodies 4 Mostly Health
Home Office Details for Home Office	£17.4bn	£15.0bn	£2.4bn	7	Public order and safety
Set in advance (DEL) £15.0bn Demand-led (AME) £2.4bn Bodies 7 Mostly Public order and safety
Cabinet Office Details for Cabinet Office	£15.8bn	£1.0bn	£14.8bn	2	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £1.0bn Demand-led (AME) £14.8bn Bodies 2 Mostly General public services
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero Details for Department for Energy Security and Net Zero	£15.7bn	£6.7bn	£9.0bn	14	Environment protection
Set in advance (DEL) £6.7bn Demand-led (AME) £9.0bn Bodies 14 Mostly Environment protection
Ministry of Justice Details for Ministry of Justice	£14.3bn	£13.6bn	£758m	9	Public order and safety
Set in advance (DEL) £13.6bn Demand-led (AME) £758m Bodies 9 Mostly Public order and safety
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Details for Department for Science, Innovation and Technology	£14.2bn	£14.0bn	£207m	10	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £14.0bn Demand-led (AME) £207m Bodies 10 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
National Health Service Pension Scheme Details for National Health Service Pension Scheme	£13.9bn	£0m	£13.9bn	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £13.9bn Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office Details for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office	£12.5bn	£11.3bn	£1.3bn	6	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £11.3bn Demand-led (AME) £1.3bn Bodies 6 Mostly General public services
Cabinet Office: Civil Superannuation Details for Cabinet Office: Civil Superannuation	£9.6bn	£0m	£9.6bn	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £9.6bn Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Teachers' Pension Scheme (England & Wales) Details for Teachers Pension Scheme (England Wales)	£9.2bn	£0m	£9.2bn	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £9.2bn Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Department for Culture, Media and Sport Details for Department for Culture, Media and Sport	£7.6bn	£2.2bn	£5.4bn	39	Recreation, culture and religion
Set in advance (DEL) £2.2bn Demand-led (AME) £5.4bn Bodies 39 Mostly Recreation, culture and religion
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Details for Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs	£6.6bn	£7.8bn	−£1.2bn	13	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £7.8bn Demand-led (AME) −£1.2bn Bodies 13 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
Armed Forces Pension and Compensation Schemes Details for Armed Forces Pension and Compensation Schemes	£4.8bn	£0m	£4.8bn	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £4.8bn Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Department for Business and Trade Details for Department for Business and Trade	£2.5bn	£2.6bn	−£76m	11	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £2.6bn Demand-led (AME) −£76m Bodies 11 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
Royal Mail Statutory Pension Scheme Details for Royal Mail Statutory Pension Scheme	£1.5bn	£0m	£1.5bn	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £1.5bn Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
The Crown Prosecution Service Details for The Crown Prosecution Service	£882m	£879m	£3m	1	Public order and safety
Set in advance (DEL) £879m Demand-led (AME) £3m Bodies 1 Mostly Public order and safety
National Crime Agency Details for National Crime Agency	£856m	£825m	£31m	1	Public order and safety
Set in advance (DEL) £825m Demand-led (AME) £31m Bodies 1 Mostly Public order and safety
House of Commons: Administration Details for House of Commons: Administration	£560m	£560m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £560m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
HM Land Registry Details for HM Land Registry	£468m	£468m	£1m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £468m Demand-led (AME) £1m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Statistics Board Details for Statistics Board	£401m	£401m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £401m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
National Savings and Investments Details for National Savings and Investments	£327m	£327m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £327m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority Details for Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority	£313m	£307m	£6m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £307m Demand-led (AME) £6m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Department for Energy Security and Net Zero: UKAEA Pension Schemes Details for Department for Energy Security and Net Zero: UKAEA Pension Schemes	£258m	£0m	£258m	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £258m Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
House of Lords Details for House of Lords	£204m	£200m	£4m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £200m Demand-led (AME) £4m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills Details for Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills	£161m	£159m	£1m	1	Education
Set in advance (DEL) £159m Demand-led (AME) £1m Bodies 1 Mostly Education
Ministry of Justice: Judicial Pensions Scheme Details for Ministry of Justice: Judicial Pensions Scheme	£154m	£0m	£154m	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £154m Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
Competition and Markets Authority Details for Competition and Markets Authority	£129m	£145m	−£16m	1	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £145m Demand-led (AME) −£16m Bodies 1 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
Food Standards Agency Details for Food Standards Agency	£125m	£125m	£0m	1	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £125m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
National Audit Office Details for National Audit Office	£105m	£105m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £105m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Serious Fraud Office Details for Serious Fraud Office	£85m	£85m	£0m	1	Public order and safety
Set in advance (DEL) £85m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Public order and safety
Parliamentary Works Grant Details for Parliamentary Works Grant	£79m	£79m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £79m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Northern Ireland Office Details for Northern Ireland Office	£69m	£69m	£0m	5	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £69m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 5 Mostly General public services
The National Archives Details for The National Archives	£54m	£54m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £54m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Office of Gas and Electricity Markets Details for Office of Gas and Electricity Markets	£46m	£46m	£0m	1	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £46m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration and Health Services in England Details for Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration and Health Services in England	£43m	£44m	−£1m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £44m Demand-led (AME) −£1m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Electoral Commission Details for Electoral Commission	£43m	£42m	£1m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £42m Demand-led (AME) £1m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Charity Commission Details for Charity Commission	£37m	£37m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £37m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation Details for Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation	£31m	£31m	£0m	1	Education
Set in advance (DEL) £31m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Education
House of Commons: Members Details for House of Commons: Members	£16m	£16m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £16m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Scotland Office and Office of the Advocate General Details for Scotland Office and Office of the Advocate General	£14m	£14m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £14m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
HM Procurator General and Treasury Solicitor Details for HM Procurator General and Treasury Solicitor	£13m	£13m	£0m	1	Public order and safety
Set in advance (DEL) £13m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Public order and safety
Department for International Development: Overseas Superannuation Details for Department for International Development: Overseas Superannuation	£10m	£0m	£10m	1	Social protection, including the state pension
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £10m Bodies 1 Mostly Social protection, including the state pension
United Kingdom Supreme Court Details for United Kingdom Supreme Court	£9m	£9m	£0m	1	Public order and safety
Set in advance (DEL) £9m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Public order and safety
Wales Office Details for Wales Office	£6m	£6m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £6m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Local Government Boundary Commission for England Details for Local Government Boundary Commission for England	£3m	£3m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £3m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Crown Estate Office Details for Crown Estate Office	£2m	£0m	£2m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) £0m Demand-led (AME) £2m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Government Actuary's Department Details for Government Actuary's Department	−£0m	−£0m	£0m	1	General public services
Set in advance (DEL) −£0m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly General public services
Office of Rail Regulation Details for Office of Rail Regulation	−£2m	−£2m	£0m	1	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) −£2m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
Water Services Regulation Authority Details for Water Services Regulation Authority	−£2m	−£2m	£0m	1	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) −£2m Demand-led (AME) £0m Bodies 1 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport
Export Credits Guarantee Department Details for Export Credits Guarantee Department	−£146m	£2m	−£148m	1	Economic affairs, including transport
Set in advance (DEL) £2m Demand-led (AME) −£148m Bodies 1 Mostly Economic affairs, including transport

A department group is the department with its arm’s-length bodies. Public service pension schemes and the devolved administrations are groups of their own. OSCAR restates past years to today’s departments.

What these figures do and don't show

Two measures, shown apart. The function totals are PESA’s total managed expenditure; the departments, bodies and programmes are OSCAR’s central government budgets. A “difference from PESA” line under each function carries the gap, so nothing is scaled to fit.
Central government only below the function. OSCAR does not hold councils’ own spending (council tax, business rates they keep), public corporations’ own spending or debt interest.
Programmes are as departments report them. OSCAR’s lowest level is the sub-segment, which each department chooses; HM Treasury does not quality-assure it, so the detail differs between departments and years.
Cash, real terms and per head. Cash is as published; real terms use HM Treasury’s GDP deflator in the dataset’s price base; per head divides by the UK’s population. The treemap offers each as a view.
Machinery of government. OSCAR restates every year it holds to today’s departments, so earlier years show departments that did not yet exist under their current names.
Not by nation. Devolved administrations appear as departments; spending per resident by nation is on the Where the £ goes page.

Figures from data/services/whole-government.json, generated 29 September 2026.

Use this data

The figures belong to the bodies that published them and are used under their terms, listed in Sources for this page; most are Crown copyright under the Open Government Licence. Only our own words, analysis, charts and derived calculations are ours, published under CC BY 4.0: reuse them, including commercially, if you credit Tekstak Ltd and link back to this page.

Download

Sources for this page

Source	Publisher	Figures as of	Updated	Licence
PESA 2026: chapters 4 and 5 tables	HM Treasury	16 July 2026	annual	Open Government Licence v3.0
PESA 2021: chapter 4 and 5 tables	HM Treasury	—	annual	Open Government Licence v3.0
PESA 2016: chapter 4 and 5 tables	HM Treasury	—	annual	Open Government Licence v3.0
PESA 2011: chapter 4 and 5 tables	HM Treasury	—	annual	Open Government Licence v3.0
Historical public finances database	Office for Budget Responsibility	—	annual	Open Government Licence v3.0
OSCAR annual outturn data, 2018-19 to 2024-25	HM Treasury	—	annual	Open Government Licence v3.0

Each source's figures are used under the licence shown. Our own words, analysis, charts and derived calculations are ours, under CC BY 4.0.

Over the longest run published: cash, real terms and per head

All central government spending in one picture

Why the treemap and total public spending differ

Which budgets the treemap counts

Where the money goes, level by level

United Kingdom

Social protection, including the state pension

Department for Work and Pensions

Department for Work and Pensions

HM Revenue & Customs

National Health Service Pension Scheme

Northern Ireland Executive

Scottish Government

Cabinet Office: Civil Superannuation

Health

Department of Health (NHS)

NHS Trusts

NHS Commissioning Board (NHS England)

Department of Health (NHS)

NHS Property Services

Scottish Government

Welsh Assembly Government

Northern Ireland Executive

Accounting adjustments

Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government

MHCLG Local Government

MHCLG Communities

Welsh Assembly Government

Department for Work and Pensions

Department for Transport

Education

Department for Education

Department for Education

Academies

Office for Students

Student Loans Company

Northern Ireland Executive

Scottish Government

Welsh Assembly Government

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology

UK Research and Innovation

Economic affairs, including transport

HM Treasury

HM Treasury

National Wealth Fund Limited

Department for Transport

Network Rail

Department for Transport

National Highways

High Speed 2

HM Revenue & Customs

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology

UK Research and Innovation

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology

Scottish Government

Department for Energy Security and Net Zero

Low Carbon Contracts Company

Sizewell C Limited

Defence

Ministry of Defence

Ministry of Defence

Public order and safety

Home Office

Home Office

Ministry of Justice

Ministry of Justice

Scottish Government

Northern Ireland Executive

The Crown Prosecution Service

National Crime Agency

General public services, excluding debt interest

Cabinet Office

Infected Blood Compensation Authority

Cabinet Office

Scottish Government

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office

Welsh Assembly Government

Welsh Assembly Government

HM Revenue & Customs